The alkyd resin industry currently needs environmentally friendly raw materials, which emphasized the aspect of sustainability. Alkyd resin is a polymer product with oil as raw material which is widely used in the paint, coating, and other industries. The abundant demand for alkyd resin has led to a diversification of the raw material for alkyd resin from vegetable oils. The advantages of vegetable oil include being a renewable energy source for industry, sustainability, biodegradability, and being environmentally friendly as important considerations for the industry in recent times. This paper examines alkyd resins derived from several vegetable oils that are environmentally friendly. Alkyd resin is prepared by alcoholysis and esterification. Based on several studies of alkyd resins, there have been many modifications to the raw materials, technology, and catalysts used which can refer to an environmentally friendly and affordable industry.Keywords: alkyd resin; biodegradability; environmentally friendly; sustainability; vegetable oilA B S T R A KIndustri polimer pada masa ini membutuhkan bahan baku yang ramah lingkungan, yang menekankan pada keberlanjutan. Alkid resin adalah salah satu produk berbasis minyak yang banyak digunakan dalam industri cat, coating, dan industri lainnya. Keberlanjutan, biodegradabilitas, dan keramahan terhadap lingkungan menjadi pertimbangan signifikan bagi industri berbasis minyak nabati dalam beberapa waktu terakhir. Di dalam naskah ini, diulas beberapa minyak nabati yang digunakan untuk memproduksi alkid resin dengan cara alkoholisis dan esterifikasi. Berdasarkan berbagai studi yang telah dilakukan, masih terdapat modifikasi dari sisi material, teknologi dan katalis agar tercipta industri yang ramah lingkungan.Kata kunci: alkid resin; biodegradabilitas; keberlanjutan; minyak nabati; ramah lingkungan
Warna merupakan salah satu daya tarik utama, dan menjadi kriteria penting untuk penerimaan produk seperti tekstil, kosmetik, pangan dan lainnya. pewarna alami telah digunakan di China pada 2600 SM. Hampir semua bagian tumbuhan apabila diekstrak dapat menghasilkan zat warna, seperti: bunga, buah, daun, biji,kulit, batang atau kayu dan akar. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui ketahanan luntur pewarna daun ungu pada tekstil. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengekstrak daun ungu (Graptophyllum pictum) 100 gram dan etanol 96% 1000 ml dengan lama maserasi 12 jam, 24 jam, 36 jam, dan 48 jam yang kemudian dikeringkan untuk memperpanjang umur simpan dan memudahkan dalam proses pengemasan. Parameter yang diuji dalam penelitian yaitu kadar air pewarna daun ungu, serta laundrymeter. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan kadar air rata-rata yang dihasilkan dari ektraksi sebesar 4,15, nilai laundrymeter 3-4 cukup baik dan crockmeter 4-5 baik.
Part of the coffee plant as a whole from the roots until the fruit can produce dye pigment, the coffee plant that is made sample is Robusta coffee plant (Coffee Robusta). The absence of natural color calcification uses one whole plant. So it is made from coffee plants typical of Lampung as a local identity. The mordanting process of the extract results in the parts of the coffee plant on the French cotton fabric, producing pigments that can be used as dyes for textiles. This method is easy to classify the pigment from the parts of the coffee plant. Classifications of colors obtained from warm, soft, and cold color ranges (casual, beautiful, Natural, beautiful, romantic, elegant, classic, clear and cool casual). This research was conducted to classify various colors of Robusta coffee plants, roots, wood, bark, ranting, wet leaves, dried leaves, wet skin, wet bark, dry hard skin, wet seeds, dried seeds, and grain powders with The mordanting process is transferred on the cloth. From the results of the experiment, excellent color absorption resulted from wet fruit skin with a tendency towards warm colors and applied to the mask as an example of the product by means of a brush so that not much wasted color content. way in brushes and applications on this mask is an effort to respond to environmental issues and new normal.
AbstrakPabrik pengolahan rajungan di Propinsi Lampung telah menerapkan Sistem Manajemen Mutu Produk (SMMP) dengan penerapan Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) sejak tahun 1998. Walaupun telah menerapkan SMMP, pabrik tersebut masih dikomplain oleh konsumennya karena mutu produk hasil olahannya. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengevaluasi SMMP "value added" rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) dan menerapkan strategi perbaikan SMMP untuk mengurangi komplain konsumen. Penelitian ini bersifat studi kasus dan metode yang digunakan adalah metode wawancara dan penyebaran kuesioner. Evaluasi SMMP dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan dan wawancara langsung terhadap atasan yang berkaitan langsung atas berjalannya penerapan HACCP yaitu manajer produksi dan QA untuk mengumpulkan informasi tentang sistem penjamin mutu dalam industri olahan rajungan. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 2 tahap yaitu tahap evaluasi SMMP dan tahap implementasi hasil evaluasi SMMP. Evaluasi SMMP menghasilkan 3 prioritas perbaikan SMMP yang dianalisa dengan metode AHP. Tiga prioritas tersebut yaitu (1) memperbaiki sarana dan prasarana ruang produksi sesuai dengan persyaratan Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) khususnya penambahan lampu UV untuk memudahkan pengecekkan serpihan benda asing agar tidak terikut dalam daging rajungan, (2) memotivasi seluruh karyawan untuk bekerja mengikuti SMMP yang telah diperbaiki secara ketat, dan (3) memonitor dan mengevaluasi hasil kerja seluruh karyawan sesuai dengan SMMP yang telah diperbaiki. Sejak implementasi 3 prioritas SMMP tersebut, komplain konsumen tidak terjadi lagi selama enam bulan terakhir. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan dapat menghindari kerugian finansial yang berasal dari klaim akibat komplain konsumen sebesar Rp. 400.000.000 (empat ratus juta rupiah) lebih per tahun. AbstractSmall crab attaching processing plant in Lampung Province has implemented a quality management system products (SMMP) with the application of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) since 1998. Although it has been applying the SMMP, the factory is still complained by its customers because product quality petrol results. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the SMMP "value added" (Portunus pelagicus) small crab attaching to devise and implement a strategy to reduce the SMMP repair consumer complaints. This research is both case studies and the methods used are interviews and dissemination of the questionnaire. Evaluation of the SMMP is done by means of observation and interviews directly against the employer concerned directly upon the passage of the application of HACCP namely production manager and QA system to gather information about the guarantor of quality in the industry of processed small crab attaching. This research is divided into two stages, namely the stage of evaluation of the SMMP implementation stages and results of evaluation of the SMMP. Evaluation of the SMMP have results 3 priority repair SMMP analysed by the method of AHP. These three priorities are (1) to improve the infrastructure of ...
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