La présente étude évalue les connaissances gîtologiques ainsi que les impacts environnementaux liés aux activités aurifères artisanales pour l’or de Doumbiadougou en Côte d’Ivoire. L’étude s’appuie sur des données issues de la description in situ des puits de prospection, des carrières ainsi que des méthodes de récupération de l’or. La typologie des gîtes indique deux ensembles à Doumbiadougou : d’une part les gîtes alluvionnaires dans les bas-fonds et d’autre part les gîtes filoniens sur les collines environnantes. Leur prospection s’effectue par le fonçage de puits tests de 1m3 jusqu’à 16m3 dans les bas-fonds, également sur les pentes et autour des veines de quartz sur les collines. L’exploitation des gîtes alluvionnaires se fait par l’ouverture de carrières de 5 m x 2 m x 2 m soit 20 m3 tandis que ceux filoniens se fait par l’ouverture de puits de 80 cm de diamètre et de profondeur allant jusqu’à 25 m. Le minerai alluvionnaire est traité par les lavages à la batée ou au sluice tandis que celui des filons est pulvérisé avant de subir le même traitement. La production aurifère se termine par la récupération de l’or après amalgamation au mercure. Sur le volet environnemental, ces méthodes laissent des puits béants, détruisent les cultures tout en réduisant les espaces cultivables, accélèrent le drainage minier acide, réactivent les conflits fonciers et exposent les communautés locales à l’inhalation du mercure.
In this study, nickeliferous soils' effects on grain legume and cereal growth as well as their potential to accumulate nickel and related micronutrients were examined. A completely randomized block design with six repetitions was set up. Samples were collected from eight points and the experiment was conducted for six weeks at the University of Man. In order to fill a plastic container, eight soil samples were used. The soil humidity was controlled with SONKIR MS02 multimeter. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), soybean (Glycine max), and maize (Zea mays) were the test plants. Each soil sample was air dried and sieved with a 2 μm mesh. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique was used to carry out a chemical analysis. Statistica 7.1 was used to conduct statistical analysis like the ANOVA and correlation test. At Moyango, the soil was developed on dunite. The soil had a colour varying from 7.5YR6/2 to 10YR5/6.). The dominant oxides found were Fe2O3, SiO2, and P2O5 with wt% > 7. The soil Ni was negatively correlated with K, Ca and, V. The soils had significant effect on soybean, common bean, and maize growth. However, the negative effect was more on common bean. The lowest soybean plant’s heights were observed on plant grown on soil from the mining site. The soil had a significant effect on soybean Ni, V, Mn, and Co content. Soybean plant Ni contents were 9.20 and 7.31 wt%, respectively from plants grown on soils M1 and M2. The content of Ni in soil had significant effect on plant growth, specifically it has reduced the height of grain legumes. From the results observed, maize should be the one most suitable for cultivation in the vicinity of the Ni mining region of Foungouesso-Moyango. Further investigation is needed with more test plants to prevent population health.
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