This paper investigates strengthening masonry walls using glass-fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheets.An experimental research program was undertaken. Both clay and concrete brick specimens were tested, with and without GFRP strengthening. Single-sided strengthening were considered, as it is often not practicable to apply the reinforcement to both sides of a wall. Static tests were carried out on six masonry panels, under a combination of vertical pre-load, and in-plane horizontal shear loading. The mechanisms by which load was carried were observed, varying from the initial, uncracked state, to the final, fully cracked state.The results demonstrate that a significant increase of the in-plane shear-capacity of masonry can be achieved by bonding GFRP sheets to the surface of masonry walls. The experimental data were used to assess the effectiveness of the GFRP strengthening, and suggestions are made to allow the test results to be used in the design of sheet GFRP strengthening for masonry structures.
Landmark 180m bridge facilitating Terni's urban regeneration, linking station improvements for fast trains to Rome. A 60m inverted 'tripod' tower and pair of rings support an asymmetric array of cable-stay spans. A further truss span is re-positionable in future to release and connect more land. 2 bridges for the price of 1. International competition winner marking Terni's expansion as a commuter hub 100km from Rome. The tower and its structural halos are visible from the historic town centre, ring road and surrounding Umbrian mountains, aiding orientation and enhancing the station's identity.
<p>Dynamic condensation has always received little attention from civil engineering community due to the recent huge diffusion of sophisticated Finite Element packages and powered computers.</p><p>Despite all of this, on hand simple models are attractive for the possibility to manage large systems with very few variables.</p><p>It follows that prediction of static and dynamic general behaviour under different type of loads speeds up for sensitive analysis. Worst loading cases could be selected and thus applied to a more general F.E. model to display detailed forces inside the structure.</p><p>This paper shows how to get a condensed dynamic model starting from a F.E. Model through a numerical approach. Three case histories are reported.</p>
Benedetti Architects (formerly McDowell+Benedetti) and Manfroni Engineering Workshop were the winners of an international competition for a new 180m footbridge and improved railway station in Terni, Italy.
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