Based on a total of 6,295,650 sequences from the V3 and V4 regions (16S ribosomal RNA), the composition of the microorganism communities in the water of three Litopenaeus vannamei (Decapoda, Whiteleg shrimp; Soc Trang, Vietnam) ponds were identified. Pseudomonas (10–20.29%), Methylophilus (13.26–24.28%), and Flavobacterium (2.6–19.29%) were the most abundant genera. The total ammonia (TAN) concentration (p = 0.025) and temperature (p = 0.015) were significantly correlated with the relative abundance of Pseudomonas in two bacterial communities (ST1, ST4), whereas the predictive functions of microorganism communities based on 16S rRNA gene data was estimated using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUST), which showed that nitrogen metabolism was significantly negatively correlated (p = 0.049) with TAN concentration. The abundance of Pseudomonas and nitrogen metabolism increased with a decrease in TAN concentration. The correlation between TAN concentration and the abundance of Pseudomonas was followed by the isolation, and heterotrophic nitrifying performance analysis was used to confirm our findings. Six Pseudomonas strains capable of heterotrophic nitrification were isolated from the three water samples and showed a complete reduction of 100 mg/L NH4Cl during a 96-h cultivation. These results indicate the potential of applying Pseudomonas in shrimp ponds for water treatment.
The knowledge of bacterial communities in the brackish shrimp farming in Vietnam is still insufficient. Here, the diversity of gut bacteria and nearby environment in asymptomatic and symptomatic black tiger shrimp farms in Bac Lieu province, Vietnam was examined by 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing. The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Crenarchaeota and Actinobacteria. Principal coordinate analysis showed bacterial communities in the gut and rearingwater of asymptomatic shrimps were separated, while those of symptomatic shrimps and rearing water were clustered together. These findings provide valuable information on the microbial community and contribute to control the diseases in shrimp farms.
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