The bovine enterovirus type 1 (BEV-1) infection has a wide range of host spectrum including humans. In this study, seroprevalence of BEV-1 was investigated in eight mammalian species. Blood serum samples were collected from 244 humans, 1520 cattle, 272 horse, 126 dog, 281 sheep, 477 goat, 18 camel (Camelus dromedarius) and 82 gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa subgutturosa) in different regions of Turkey. Microneutralization tests showed that gazelle and camel did not have any seropositivities, but seropositivities were detected in humans (30.3%), cattle (64.8%), horse (12.8%), dog (3.2%), sheep (32.8%) and goat (27.6%).

Some production parameters of seropositive cows (age, first calving age, 305 day mature equivalent last milk yield production, lifetime mature equivalent milk yield production, lifetime total milk production, lifetime total milking period, lifetime monthly milk production, lifetime daily milk production, lifetime total days of milking, number of inseminations per pregnancy (for last pregnancy), number of calves and calving interval (for last pregnancy)) were analysed in the current study. The study population was clinically healthy Holstein cows from a commercial dairy herd in southern Turkey. Of 109 animals, 65 cows were seropositive by ELISA and the prevalence of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection was 59.6 %. The prevalence of seropositive cows in 2nd (62.8 %), 3rd (64.7 %), 4th (61.5 %), and 5th (66.6 %) lactations was slightly higher than that of cows in 1st (52.6 %) lactations. No statistical differences were observed between BLV seronegative and seropositive cows for production and reproduction parameters analysed in this study (P > 0.05).

In this study, 162 horses, 80 donkeys and 51 mule serum samples were collected in Konya city. Additionally, 64 horse serum samples from Ankara and 49 samples from Kayseri city were included in the study. A total of 406 serum samples were examined by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibody to equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) and no positive result was detected

In this study, a total of 254 blood sera samples taken from cattle of different age, sex and breed at Meat and Fish Association Slaughter House in Konya were tested against neutralizing antibodies for Bovine Adenovirus type 1, 2 and 3 (BAV-1, 2 and 3), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis I Infectious Pustular Vulvovaginitis Virus (IBR/IPV), Parainfluenza type 3 (PI-3) Virus Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) by microneutralization test (mNT). At the end of the serological control by mNT, neutralizing antibody presence was detected against BAV-1 in 56 (22.04%), BAV-2 in 38 (14.96%), BAV-3 in 51 (20.07%), PI-3 in 137 (53.93%), IBR/IPV in 145 (57.08%), BRSV in 117 (46.06%) and BVDV in 112 (44.09%) animals. In the cattle tested for antibodies, 14.7% were positive for only one virus, 36.22% of sera had antibodies to two viruses, 29.92% of sera had antibodies to three viruses, 14.56% of sera had antibodies to four viruses, 3.93% of sera had antibodies to five viruses, 1.57% of sera had antibodies to six viruses and 0.39% of sera had antibodies to seven viruses. However antibodies were not detected in 3.15% of the 254 sera

In the current study, blood samples from 319 cows and heifers were studied Antibodies against BVDV infections in serum samples and BVDV antigens in leukocytes were present in 203 (148 cows and 55 heifers) and 56 (28 cows and 28 heifers) samples, respectively. Although no significant difference was detected between seropositive ŠBVDV (Ag-/Ab+)¹ and uninfected ŠBVDV (Ag-/Ab-)¹ cows and heifers at the time of the first insemination (FIT) first service age (FSA) or conception rate (CR) (p>0.05), the difference in age of seropositive and infection free cows differed significantly (p<0.05). Furthermore, differences in FIT, FSA or age of seropositive and uninfected pregnant cows and heifers did not differ significantly (p>0.05). Differences between persistently infected ŠBVDV (Ag +/Ab -)¹ and uninfected cows for FIT, CR and age were statistically different (p<0.001). On the other hand the difference between persistently infected and uninfected heifers for FSA or CR did not differ significantly (p>0.05). Even though, FSA of pregnant persistently infected or uninfected heifers was not different (p>0.05) there was a difference between the age and FIT of persistently infected and uninfected cows (p<0.001). However, pregnancy was not detected in any of the persistently infected cows. In conclusion, seropositivity for BVDV did not affect fertility of cows or heifers. Although, differences in fertility between persistently infected and uninfected pregnant cows and between persistently infected and uninfected non-pregnant cows were present fertility of heifers was not affected by BVDV persistency