Abstract. Over the last decade the number of toxicants increased that affect the safety of raw materials and food, simultaneously with it, the time increases and methods are complicated for their determination. The complete analysis of the quality and food safety for all normalized indicators is quite costly. In this regard, integrated quality control by biotesting is relevant. The purpose of work -experimental evaluation methods: determination of acute toxicity by the culture of ciliates Tetrahymena pyriformis for control of the safety of raw materials and food products in the process of monitoring. The objects of the study were fresh herbs (parsley, dill), wild boar, duck, beef, mincemeat (beef, pork), fish (pike). The paper presents the results of studies evaluating the methods by biotesting for control of food safety in the process of monitoring. In most cases, the correlation results showed determination of toxicity by methods to determining acute toxicity on ciliates, and also content specific anthropogenic and natural toxicants. The method for determining acute toxicity by ciliates is sufficiently rapid, does not require using of experimental animals or costly equipment and has prospects for acceleration of safety control of raw materials and food products.
Milk quality supplied to the processing plant depends on many factors, including rennet coagulability, heat resistance, and viscosity, which are difficult to influence by tightening regulatory requirements. Sanitary and hygienic indicators are important, the empirical expression of which is titratable acidity and bacterial contamination. This determines the urgency of finding ways to control the raw milk quality, ensuring the production of natural and safe dairy products. For these purposes in the Stavropol State Agrarian University studies were carried out about the magnetization effectiveness of biological fluids by a device for magnetic processing of food solutions. The device design is a pipe of molding polyamide, a magnetizing coil, a steel tubular core-an internal pipeline and a cylindrical body, which is a magnetic conductor, with removable end caps, a thread connected to it and serving as pole pieces for both pairs of poles. Input parameters were chosen: milk temperature, exposure time of the magnetic field and voltage. The operation mode of the device is continuous by a voltage of 220 V, cosφ = 0.7. The power consumption is 25 W, the outer diameter is 32 mm, the number of turns of the magnetizing coil is 6200. The output parameters were set: titrated acidity, time rennet clotting, heat resistance, and viscosity. The obtained experimental values were compiled into an array of data and subjected to cluster analysis by Statistica and Statistica Neural Networks. The results of mathematical processing allowed us to establish the optimal values of the factors at which the technological properties of milk are improved. The positive effect of electromagnetic processing on rennet coagulability will improve the quality of the finished product and reduce the cost for milk-clotting ferment. In addition, the heat resistance of the treated milk increases and its titration acidity decreases.
This article presents the results of studying the course of lactation of Simmental cows of various constitutionally productive types: dairy, milk-meat, and meat-and-milk in the conditions of the SEC "Abodimovskiy" on lactating (1-3 lactation) cows of the Simmental breed of German selection. There were studying the quantitative indicators and milk composition. There was calculating the lactation stability coefficients (LCC). The study’s findings were as follows that the nature of the lactation curve for dairy and dairy-meat constitutionally productive types of Simmental cattle can be recognized as "high unstable". It indicates that these cattle types are more milk productivity prevalence than meat. The nature of the lactation curve of the meat and dairy type of cattle is characterized as "moderately stable". It shows a clear difference from the first two constitutionally productive types.
, candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor 1,2 Omarov R.S., candidate of technical sciences 1 Ставропольский государственный аграрный университет 2 Поволжский научно-исследовательский институт производства и переработки мясомолочной продукции, Волгоград 1 Stavropol state agrarian university 2 Volga region research institute of manufacture and processing of meat-and-milk production, Volgograd Концепция оптимального питания предполагает необходимость дифференциации
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