This study aimed to apply the sesame integrated weed management using tillage accompanied with soil mulching to avoid the plant injuries due to the mechanical weeding and the herbicides environmental side effects. The experiment was established and designed statistically as a split plots with three replications. The main plots involved tillage treatment levels of rotary plough as a minimum tillage, moldboard plough followed by disc harrow and chisel plough (two perpendicular passes) followed by disc harrow as a conventional tillage. The sub plots included soil mulching treatment levels of black, white and transparent polyethylene sheets (30 micron thick), comparing with bare soil. The results indicated that the rotary plough accomplished the higher actual field capacity of 0.92 fed/h and the lower specific energy requirements of 25.43 MJ/fed. While, the moldboard plough followed by disc harrow achieved the moderate soil mean weight diameter of 84 mm. The moldboard plough followed by disc harrow system accompanied with the transparent polyethylene sheet achieved the higher values of both the soil moisture content and the weed control efficiency at the periods of 7, 30 and 60 days after planting. Also, it recorded the higher sesame seed yield of 1.26 ton/fed. So, it is recommended to apply the moldboard plough followed by disc harrow and accompanied with the transparent polyethylene sheet as a proper sesame weed control method.
During 2006 winter season, this study was carried out at Kalabsho Region, El-Dakhlia Governorate, to find out the effect of minimum tillage on conservation of precise leveled soil to produce some winter crops after rice harvest. During 2006 summer season, before rice planting, the soil was leveled using laser control equipment. After rice harvest, two experiments were established for planting clover, representing the flat planting and sugar beet, representing the ridge planting. Each experiment was designed statistically as a split plots with three replications. The main plots were located for the precision land leveling treatment levels of 0, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03% slope, comparing with the traditional leveling using the hydraulic scraper and the sub plots were devoted for the tillage methods levels of minimum tillage (chisel plough one pass) and conventional tillage (chisel plough 2 passes(, comparing with no-till. The obtained results could be concluded as follows: 1. The minimum tillage at the precision land leveling slope of 0.02% achieved the more desirable soil characteristics (the moderate soil mean weight diameter of 50 mm, the higher soil moisture content of 22.85%, the lower soil bulk density of 1.30 g/cm 3 , the lower soil penetration resistance of 1.21 MPa and the higher available soil macronutrients concentration of 30, 14 and 318 ppm for N, P and K, respectively). 2. The minimum tillage at the precision land leveling slope of 0.02% accomplished higher degree of soil topography conservation and recorded the lower difference between the highest and the lowest spots. 3. The minimum tillage at the precision land leveling slope of 0.02% achieved the higher beet yield of 28.65 Mg/fed with a sucrose yield of 22.04% and complemented the higher total dry (14% moisture * Senior Researcher at the Ag. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), Giza. Role of agricultural engineering in environmental and sustainable development for the valley and delta areas: 1125-1140
This study was carried out at Kafr El-Gonena Village, El-Dakhlia Governorate, during 2008 winter season to identify effect of subsoil tillage on potato response to biofertilization application. The experiment was designed statistically as a split split plots with three replications. The main plots involved the subsoil tillage treatment at 0.30, 0.40 and 0.50 m depth, comparing with no-subsoil tillage, the sub plots involved the soil biofertilization treatment using Blue green Algae, comparing with the bereaved of biofertilization and the sub-sub plots included the tuber inoculation treatment using a combination of microorganisms, comparing with the bereaved of inoculation. The results indicated the following: 1. The subsoil tillage of 0.40 m depth under Blue green Algae application achieved the more desirable soil characteristics of 1.14 g/cm 3 bulk density, 6.04 pH, 2.54 dS/m salinity, 14.14 mm/h infiltration rate and 47, 17.90 and 497 ppm available N, P and K concentration, respectively. 2. The subsoil tillage of 0.40 m depth under Blue green Algae application required the lower applied irrigation water amount of 5240 m 3 /fed. 3. The subsoil tillage of 0.40 m depth under Blue green Algae application and tuber inoculation achieved higher potato tuber yield of 18.80 Mg/fed and higher water use efficiency of 3.58 kg/m3. Generally, it is recommended to apply the subsoil tillage under biofertilization application to achieve higher potato tuber yield.
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