The article presents the results of investigation of the influence of the complex of magnesium (Mg 2+ ) and chromium (Cr 3+ ) citrates on the activity of carbohydrate metabolism key enzymes, and also on the concentration of insulin and C-peptide

Інститут біології тварин НААН, вул. В. Стуса, 38, м. Львів, 79034, Україна Досліджували вплив цитрату ванадію на вміст продуктів пероксидного окиснення ліпідів, відновленого глутатіону, активність ензимів антиоксидантної системи та глюкозо-6-фосфатдегідрогенази у скелетних м'язах стегна щурів з алоксан-індукованим діабетом. Тварини були поділені на п'ять груп: I група -контрольна, II, III, IV та V -дослідні. Щурам І та ІІ груп давали пити чисту воду, III, IV та V групам впродовж місяця до питної води додавали розчин цитрату ванадію у концентраціях 0,125, 0,5 і 2,0 мкг V/мл води. У тварин усіх дослідних (II-V) груп експериментально викликали цукровий діабет внутрішньоочеревинним введенням алоксану (150 мг/кг маси тіла). У м'язах тварин ІІ групи з експериментальним діабетом спостерігалось зростання вмісту гідропероксидів і ТБК-активних продуктів та зниження активності ензимів антиоксидантного захисту (супероксиддисмутази, каталази і глутатіонредуктази), глюкозо-6-фосфатдегідрогенази та вмісту відновленого глутатіону, тоді як активність глутатіонпероксидази підвищувалася порівняно з тваринами контрольної групи. За випоювання щурам цитрату ванадію у різних концентраціях спостерігалося зниження вмісту, тоді як активність глутатіонпероксидази знижувалася (в ІІІ, IV та V групах) порівняно з показниками у м'язах тварин ІІ групи з експериментальним діабетом. Цитрат ванадію у досліджуваних концентраціях здійснює дозозалежний стабілізуючий вплив на стан прооксидантно-антиоксидантної системи у скелетних м'язах щурів з експериментальним діабетом. Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stus str., Lviv 79034, UkraineThe effect of vanadium citrate on the content of lipid peroxide oxidation products, reduced glutathione, the activity of the antioxidant system enzymes and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the thigh skeletal muscles of alloxan-induced diabetic rats was studied. Animals were divided into five groups: I group -control, II, III, IV and V -experimental. The rats of I and II groups were given pure water to drink, whereas a solution of vanadium citrate at concentrations of 0.125, 0.5 and 2.0 μg V/ml of water was added to drinking water of III, IV and V groups within a month. The animals of all experimental (II-V) groups were induced diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight).In muscles of the II group experimentally diabetic animals, the increase in the content of hydroperoxides and TBA-active products and the decrease in the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and the content of reduced glutathione were observed, while the activity of glutathione peroxidase increased as compared to control animals. Under watering vanadium citrate at different concentrations, there was a decrease in the content of hydroperoxides (in III, IV and V groups) and TBA-active products (in group III), but the increase in the activity of superoxide

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Досліджено вплив різних доз магній цитрату (100, 250 і 500 мг Mg2+/кг маси тіла) на вміст ліпідів у плазмі крові щурів з алоксан-індукованим цукровим діабетом. Установлено, що в плазмі крові щурів з експериментальним діабетом підвищувався вміст загальних ліпідів, що супроводжувалося змінами в класах ліпідів плазми крові. Проте з’ясовано, що магній цитрат, який протягом чотирьох тижнів разом із питною водою додавався до раціону тварин, зумовлював стабілізацію досліджуваних показників із наближенням їх до рівня в контрольній групі.

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The effectiveness of the use of the most limiting amino acids (lysine, methionine and threonine) in the diets of pigs in order to provide their bodies with protein. Тhe results indicate a direct relationship between the level of these amino acids in the diet of pigs and the concentration of total protein and an inverse relationship with the content of free amino acids in blood plasma. In addition, in the blood of pigs to which these amino acids were added to the diet, a decrease in the concentration of urea,glucose and non-esterified fatty acids was observed.

Dose-dependent changes in protein metabolism in the blood and hematological parameters of pregnant rats under the effect of vanadium citrate are presented in the article. The animals were divided into five groups: group I – non-pregnant females, II – pregnant females consuming pure water without additives, III, IV, V – females which during the mating and pregnancy period received the solution of vanadium citrate at concentrations of 0.03, 0.125 and 0.50 μg V/mL water. The research findings show that in pregnant animals of group II, the level of urea and alkaline phosphatase activity increased, meanwhile aspartate aminotransferase activity decreased, as compared to the non-pregnant females of group І. The levels of total protein and albumin decreased; however, the content of β-globulins increased in the pregnant animals of group II, as compared with that in group I. Also, in the rats of group II, there was a decrease in hemolysis time, total content of erythrocytes and hemoglobin, the content of old and mature erythrocytes, while the content of young erythrocytes increased, as compared to group I. The platelet content and thrombocrit in rats of group II increased in comparison with group I. The content of leukocytes and lymphocytes in pregnant animals of group II decreased, while the content of granulocytes increased, in contrast to non-pregnant rats. Under the effect of vanadium citrate at concentrations of 0.03–0.50 μg V/mL, there was a significant increase in the maximum number of prohemolized erythrocytes, the time of maximum hemolysis was delayed by 0.4–0.6 min, as compared with the pregnant rats of group II. This did not affect the time of total hemolysis in rats of groups III and V, as compared with the pregnant animals in group II. Under the effect of vanadium citrate, an increase in the content of young erythrocytes was observed, as compared with group II. The hemoglobin content decreased at the concentration of 0.125 μg V/mL, while at the concentration of 0.50 μg V/mL it increased, as compared to the pregnant animals of group II. Also, under the effect of vanadium citrate there was a decrease in the mean hemoglobin concentration in the erythrocyte. In pregnant animals fed with vanadium citrate solutions, the platelet content and thrombocrit, the relative width of platelet distribution by volume decreased, as compared with the pregnant rats of group II. The content of leukocytes, lymphocytes and granulocytes under the effect of vanadium citrate increased, as compared with the pregnant animals in group II. Under the effect of vanadium citrate at the concentration of 0.03 μg V/mL, the level of albumin, creatinine and aspartate aminotransferase activity increased in blood plasma in comparison with group II. Meanwhile, at the concentration of 0.125 μg V/mL, the relative content of γ-globulins and aspartate aminotransferase activity increased, alkaline phosphatase activity and urea level decreased in comparison with group II. However at the concentration of 0.50 μg V/mL, the relative α- and γ-globulins content and aspartate aminotransferase activity increased, at the same time, the relative β-globulins content and urea level decreased in comparison with group II. Therefore, vanadium citrate normalizes the indicators of protein metabolism during pregnancy, thus it can be considered as a potential dietary drug for the pregnant.