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Objective: To evaluate the role of Mycoplasma hominis as a vaginal pathogen. Design: Prospective study comprising detailed history, clinical examination, sexually transmitted infection (STI) and bacterial vaginosis screen, vaginal swabs for mycoplasmas and other organisms, follow up of bacterial vaginosis patients, and analysis of results using SPSS package. (93) with genital warts, 140 (42) chlamydial infections, 54 (29) cases of trichomoniasis, and 249 women with no condition requiring treatment. M hominis was found in the vagina in 341 women, but its isolation rates and colony counts among those with symptoms were not significantly different from those without symptoms in the single condition categories. There was no association between M hominis and the number of PMN in Gram stained vaginal smears whether M hominis was present alone or in combination with another single condition. M hominis had no impact on epidemiological characteristics of bacterial vaginosis. Conclusion: This study shows no evidence that M hominis is a vaginal pathogen in adults. (Sex Transm Inf 2001;77:58-62)

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SUMMARY Of 474 women studied to identify epidemiological and clinical correlates of chlamydial infection of the cervix, Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 158 (33* 3%) of all women, from 48 3 % of those infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae, from 43% of the sexual consorts of men with nongonococcal urethritis, and from 74% of those whose consorts were also infected with C trachomatis. C trachomatis was the sole pathogen found in 58 women. Age, marital state, occupation, past history of gonorrhoea, menstrual state, and symptoms had no predictive value. The isolation of C trachomatis was significantly associated with Ngonorrhoeae, the use of oral contraceptives, cervical ectopy, cervicitis, and last sexual exposure more than one week previously. Except for three patients, none of the criteria alone or in combination was reliable enough to predict with acceptable accuracy that the 30 chlamydia-positive women among the 191 who were not infected with N gonorrhoeae and whose consorts were not known to have urethritis harboured chlamydia.