The paper presents research data of lipid peroxidation and lectin activity in wheat seedlings at seed treatment with solution of metal nanoparticles (Zn, Ag, Fe, Mn, Cu) and sole solution of copper nanoparticles under the high pathogen infection background of Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron) Deighton (synonym: Oculimacula yallundae (Wallwork & Sponer) Crous & W. Gams). It was shown that investigated nonionic colloidal solutions of biogenic metals have the antioxidant effect through the inhibition of the synthesis of lipid peroxidation products. The increase of lectin activity levels during the early plants ontogenesis stages was observed in wheat seedlings infected with pathogen pre-treated with the mixture of metal nanoparticles.

The paper covers the study of the effects of silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) nanoparticles on wheat—Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides pathosystem in general and, separately, on their interaction both with the plant and with the pathogen. Plants, treated with nonionic colloidal solutions of biogenic metal nanoparticles of Ag and Cu, have taken seed treatment as stress and have demonstrated the same changes in the dynamic patterns of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content as a seedling infection or in its combination with a nanoparticle treatment. The wheat variety, which is sensitive to pathogen action, has showed a substantial (100%) increase in the TBARS contents, while the other varieties has shown lesser (40%) changes in the TBARS content as compared to the control. Besides, both silver and copper nanoparticles have not affected the growth and development of P. herpotrichoides, thus suggesting that the effect of nanoparticles is determined by the plant’s responses to the pathogen rather than the phytotoxic action of the copper or silver nanoparticles, at least during the initial stages of the pathological process.

The dynamics of expression of protective proteins (lectin and defensin) genes of different genotypes of the winter wheat, affected by P. herpotrichoides, was investigated. Methods. RT-PCR was used for gene expression analysis. Results. We established that the lectin mRNA content in control and infecting plants of the resistant cultivar is considerably higher than in the susceptible one; the character of defensin mRNA accumulation in the investigated cultivars, control and infecting plants, does not change. Conclusion. The spare pool of lectin mRNA in the resistant cultivar is more substantial, than in the susceptible one, that is, possibly, one of the factors of the plant resistance. Inability to support constantly a high level of the protective genes expression seems to influence negatively on the cultivar resistance .

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