Immature ocular optics at birth and severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) may affect normal development of the retina and lead to late impairment of visual functions. Purpose: To compare spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) retinal thickness in the macular area between premature children who received laser photocoagulation of avascular retina (LPCAR) and full-term children aged 4-6 years. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five premature children (50 eyes) and 38 full-term control children (69 eyes without eye disease) aged 4-6 years received observation care at the Filatov institute between 2011 and 2017. The inclusion criterion for premature children was receiving LPCAR for severe (type 1 subthreshold, or threshold) ROP diagnosed during screening. Patients with grade 4 or 5 ROP or other ocular pathology (history of cataract, glaucoma, trauma or eye surgery) were excluded. Results: There was a significant difference in retinal thickness in the macular area between premature and full-term children; the magnitude of the difference depended on the severity of ROP. The foveal-to-central thickness ratio was found to be increased compared to controls by at least 0.1 in 18 premature children (36 eyes, 72%) who received LPCAR (p <0.05). Conclusion: Mean SD OCT retinal thicknesses in all macular sectors in premature children who received LPCAR for ROP were greater than in full-term children.
Background: An eye examination of a pregnant woman is a mandatory phase of her preparation for delivery, with a special attention given to ophthalmic symptoms and relevant recommendations for delivery management. Purpose: To examine spectral domain ocular coherence tomography (SD-OCT) changes in retinal periphery and to provide grounds for the tactics of preparing a pregnant woman for delivery by performing preventive peripheral laser photocoagulation (PPLP). Material and Methods: A 35-year-old myopic woman at 38 weeks of gestation underwent a routine eye examination (visual acuity assessment, refractometry, tonometry, perimetry, biomicroscopy, and ophthalmoscopy), ultrasound biometry and SD-OCT (Heidelberg Engineering). Results: The patient was diagnosed with mild myopia along with peripheral lattice degeneration and peripheral cystic degeneration of the retina in both eyes and local retinal detachment with atrophic retinal breaks in the right eye. The peripheral vitreoretinal lattice degeneration was arrested and the local retinal detachment was limited by laser-induced chorioretinal adhesions.Conclusion: Spectral domain ocular coherence tomography provides an objective picture of the state of both the macular and the periphery of the retina, and, along with biomicroscopy and ophthalmoscopy, provides grounds for the tactics of care for pregnant women for preventing retinal detachment. The outcome of timely preventive laser treatment allowed us to conclude that the patient had no ocular contraindications to vaginal delivery.
Background: Sympathetic ophthalmia is a rare autoimmune disease that presents as a bilateral granulomatous uveitis following a traumatic event or, less commonly, uniocular surgery. Purpose: To describe immunohistological and histomorphological data of a child who developed sympathetical ophthalmia in a healthy eye after a severe penetrating corneoscleral injury with contusion component. Material and Methods:We present clinical observation data of a boy of 6.5 years who developed sympathetic ophthalmia in the left eye 1.5 months after a penetrating ocular injury caused by a tree branch resulted in a severe corneoscleral laceration in the right eye. Types of treatment and data of clinical, imaging (ultrasound scanning and spectraldomain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)), pathohistological and immunological studies were described and reviewed. Conclusion: A high index of clinical suspicion and careful monitoring of the state of not only a traumatized eye, but also the fellow eye both in the early and late period after traumatic event are vital to ensure identification of initial signs of sympathetic inflammation (photophobia and tearing) and taking prompt adequate measures for the prevention of further development of sympathetic inflammation. The use of current imaging modalities (including ultrasound scanning and especially SD-OCT of the retina and optic nerve) enables early documentation of the initial signs of sympathetic inflammation. Further research is warranted to develop the targeted treatment methods that would take into account the components of the immunopathogenesis
a screening examination by precisely objectifying the relationships and the correct position of the two malleoli in relation to the heel. Conclusions: We have begun standardising our antenatal ultrasounds, with specific criteria that must be sought and documented for all of our patients. In this part of the checklist, a 3 step method has been devised to increase the accuracy in antenatal diagnosis of TEV. This technique aims to completely exclude TEV in prenatal screening, as it could be part of many pathologies and syndromes. VP13.06First trimester diagnosis of Sirenomelia associated with an abdominal cyst
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