A comparative study was carried out between degumming of raw silk yarns by the conventional methods of degumming and those assisted by microwave radiation. Different reagents are used for this study; viz., mineral acid, alkaline substances, domestic soap, and commercial protease. The proteolytic enzyme savinase 16L type EX was found to be effective in degumming of silk either by conventional method or in combination with microwave. The microwave irradiation reduces, to a great extent, the time needed to reach the same degree of degumming by the conventional method. The effect of the aforementioned treatments on some of the inherent properties of silk was monitored. Scanning electron microscopic investigation was carried out to clarify the effect of these treatments on the morphological structure of silk yarns.
In this study, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 2,2-bis (hydroxylmethyl)-propionic acid and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were employed to polymerize waterborne polyurethane. The polyurethane prepolymer was extended with chitosan of two different molecular weight (100,000 and 150,000), and used as finishing agent for acrylic fabrics. The antibacterial activity of the acrylic fabric treated with the polyurethane-chitosan solution was improved even after 15 washing times. Pretreatment of acrylic fabrics with hydrazine hydrate was found to improve the uptake of the polymer by the fabric. The effects of hydrazine and polyurethane treatments on some of the inherent properties of acrylic were assessed. The functional groups of polyurethane prepolymer as well as polyurethane extended with chitosan were confirmed with the analysis of the spectra of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).
Treatments of polyamide 6, Quiana and Nomex fabrics with β-Cyclodextrin(CD) or monochlorotriazinyl β-Cyclodextrin(CD-T) were investigated. Significant improvements in antimicrobial and thermal stability uniformity were observed. The colour values and fastness of the coloured fabrics to washing and perspiration were given. The untreated and treated fabrics were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The changes in yellowness, moisture regain, roughness, tensile strength, elongation and antimicrobial activity have been studied. The TGA indicated that the temperature of burning T b value lies at 471 o C-472 o C for CD treated polyamide 6 while it lies at 475 o C-490 o C for CD-T treated one. This may afford the use of CD-T in treatment of polyamide 6 to attain also some heat resistance than untreated one.
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