Screening of durum wheat germplasm for resistance to common bunt {TiUetia foetida and T. caries) resulted in the identification of 26 resistant genotypes. The screening was made using nine common bunt isolates from the West Asia and North Africa (WANA) region. In one isolate the two pathogens were represented in ratio of 1:1, whereas eight isolates contained only T. foetida. The correlation, principal components and clustering analyses grouped the genotypes into three clusters. Cluster one comprised genotypes with genetic interrelationship with Jennah Khetifa, a Maghrebian landrace. Cluster two comprised genotypes close to Senatore (S.) Cappelli and Haurani, the latter is a landrace from Syria. Cluster three comprised advanced genotypes containing resistance genes from Mindum, a Turkish landrace. Results indicated that donor sources of resistance appear to be related to the three major sources mentioned. Cultivar S. Cappelli is considered resistant since it has been grown by farmers on a large scale for many years and remained resistant to common bunt throughout 7 years of testing. This resistance is assumed to be of a durable type. The isolates were also grouped into three clusters representing different ecological areas and the wheat types from which the isolates originated. We infer that the different clusters reflect the presence of three pathotype groups of the pathogens.
ZusammenfassungResistenzquellen gegen Steinbrand (TiUetia foetida und T. caries) in Durumweizen Die Prtifung von Durummaterial gegen den Weizensteinbrand (TiUetia foetida und T. caries) erbrachte 26 resistente Genotypen, Fiir die Prtifung wurden neun Steinbrandisolate aus Landern West Asiens und Nord Afrikas, der WANA Region verwendet. Ein Isolat bestand aus beiden Pathogenen im Verhaltnis 1:1, wahrend acht Isolate nur T. foetida beinhalteten. Die Korrelationen-, Hauptkomponenten-, und Clusteranalysen gruppierten die Genotypen in drei Gruppen. Die erste Gruppe bestand aus Genotypen mit genetischer Verwandtschaft zu der Maghrebinischen Landrasse Jennah Khetifa. Die zweite Gruppe enthielt Genotypen nahe verwandt mit Senatore Cappelli und Haurani. Haurani ist eine syrische Landrasse. Die dritte Gruppe bestand aus Genotypen, deren Resistenz von der ttirkischen Landrasse Mindum abstammt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dafi die Resistenzquellen fiir Steinbrand in den selektierten Genotypen mit den drei erwahnten Gruppen verbunden sind. S. Cappelli ist eine resistente Sorte, die iiber Jahrzehnte auf grofien Flachen angebaut wurde, behielt diese Resistenz wahrend sieben Jahren der Prufung. Es ist anzunehmen, dafi eine solche Resistenz von dauerhafter Art ist. Die Steinbrandisolate bildeten ebenfalls drei Gruppen. Diese Gruppen representierten verschiedene U. S.
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