An original (to the best of our knowledge) method to achieve azimuthal alignments of all polarizing components in ellipsometry is presented. It is an accurate nulling method, and it is easy to implement and can be used with any isotropic reflecting layer. It also allows one to check the eventual presence of surface anisotropy. The ferrofluid modulator used in this setup is briefly described. Measurements made for three reflecting surfaces (fused silica, silicon, and germanium) are presented.
A method of measuring the peak value of the Faraday rotation induced by a sinusoidal magnetic field is described. No rotating part is needed. The method is general and may, in theory, be used at any frequency. An accuracy better than 1% is reached, for rotation between 0.2 degrees and 60 degrees , at frequencies below about 20 kHz. The device has been tested with a water Faraday rotator for two field amplitudes and at three frequencies. This device may also be of interest in building sinusoidal magnetic field sensors or in studying the variation of the Faraday effect with modulation frequency.
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