payload with the 1.244-Gb/s label was demonstrated. The results showed small power penalty as much as 0.2 dB in payload transmission, which arises from crosstalk with the label, and the CS-SH-SCM labeling technique showed increased capability for multiple-span transmission of the payload with successive label swapping.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTThis work was partially supported by the Korean Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) through the OIRC project.
The numerical treatment of free surface problems in ferrohydrodynamics is considered. Starting from the general model, special attention is paid to field-surface and flow-surface interactions. Since in some situations these feedback interactions can be partly or even fully neglected, simpler models can be derived. The application of such models to the numerical simulation of dissipative systems, rotary shaft seals, equilibrium shapes of ferrofluid drops, and pattern formation in the normal-field instability of ferrofluid layers is given. Our numerical strategy is able to recover solitary surface patterns which were discovered recently in experiments.
A numerical solution strategy for calculating equilibrium free surfaces of a magnetic fluid under the action of a magnetic field is proposed and applied to determine shapes of a linear magnetisable ferrofluid drop in a uniform magnetic field. Hysteresis phenomena for the drop deformation and the drop shapes with ends, close to conical, were observed numerically.
New type of nonlinear (anharmonic) excitations -bushes of vibrational modes -in physical systems with point or space symmetry are discussed. All infrared active and Raman active bushes for C 60 fulerene are found by means of special group-theoretical methods.
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