Исследование, проведенное по методике Ш. Шварца на выборке из 1 251 представителя «поколения Z», позволило установить особенности системы их ценностей -приоритет самостоятельности в суждениях и поступках, отсутствие приверженности существующим традициям. Выявлены и охарактеризованы факторы, определяющие качественное своеобразие иерархии ценностей «поколения Z»: гендерная, этническая, конфессиональная и региональная принадлежность. Обнаруженные закономерности определяют возможность прогнозирования трансформации ценностных представлений массового сознания и соответствующих им изменений социального поведения. Ключевые слова: ценности; ценностные ориентации; ментальность; социокультурная среда; социализация; молодежь; теория поколений; поколение Z.
Постановка проблемыСистема ценностных ориентаций личности имеет динамический характер, подвергаясь изменениям на протяжении всей жизни человека. В то же время различия ценностных предпочтений, обнаруживаемые между возрастными группами, связаны, очевидно, не только с собственно возрастными, но и с межпоколенными особенностями. При этом, согласно известной «теории межгенерационной перемены ценностей» R. Inglehart, данные различия Яницкий Михаил Сергеевич -доктор психологических наук, профессор, директор Социально-психологического института Кемеровского государственного университета.
The image of the world is a set of space-temporal and value-semantic chronotopic components. It is a functional system of psychological adaptation to the constant changes in the human lifeworld. The COVID-19 pandemic is a model of severe changes in lifeworld and lifestyle. The research objective was to identify the chronotopic characteristics of the image of the world in a crisis. The study was conducted twice, i.e. before the outbreak and during the period of maximum restrictions, and featured 92 people. The COVID-19 pandemic transformed the structure of the image of the world. The changes occurred in the orientation of the identification of one's characteristics, followed by a certain reorientation of these characteristics from the national and civil identity to the human one. The family-role components of the self-image became more significant. The past perspective expanded, while the future perspective shrank. The emotional coloring of the present became more negative, the past was seen as positive, while the future appeared moderately optimistic. All three time modes proved to be more event-filled. These processes were observed against the background of the polarization of value preferences. The level of meaningfulness of life showed multidirectional dynamics, probably, as a result of different crisis-coping mechanisms with different levels of productivity. The pandemic restructured all components of the image of the world, which had a mobilizing and productive character.
According to the system approach, a person is considered as a multidimensional self-developing system, while identity is a reflection in the personality consciousness of its individual "dimensions". Being an element of self-consciousness, individual identities, in turn, are organized into a system reflecting the holistic view of the personality about itself, i.e. Me-concept. Professional activity is one of the most important areas of life. At the level of self-awareness, the attitude towards one’s profession and oneself as a professional is reflected in professional identity. Professional identity begins to form at the stage of vocational education and is often maintained even after retirement. Any significant contradictions that arise during the professionalization are reflected in one’s identity. The research features the changes that arise in the system of identity of the individual in the process of its professional burnout. The results of the empirical study of professional burnout of doctors substantiate the changes in the properties of the identity system, expressed in the increase of diffuse and predetermined identity. It also affects its structure and reduces the importance of professional, communicative and reflexive identity, as well as the structural deformation of the professional identity. The work with self-consciousness and identity is an important component of prevention and correction of professional burnout.
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