High Entropy alloys (HEAs) or Complex Concentrated Alloys (CCAs) or Multi-Principal Element Alloys (MPEAs) is a matter of interest to material scientists for the last two decades due to the excellent mechanical properties, oxidation and corrosion resistant behaviors. One of the major drawbacks of HEAs is their high density. Mg containing HEAs show low density compared to peers, although extensive research is required in this field. This chapter aims to include all the available information on synthesis, design, microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg containing HEAs and to highlight the contemporary voids that are to be filled in near future.
The structural, morphological, magnetic and ferroelectric properties of calcium (Ca) doped bismuth ferrite (BFO) synthesized using a sol-gel method were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis followed by Rietveld refinement revealed the lattice distortion of BFO after doping with 6% and 8% Ca. This also led to the reduction in particle size by creating oxygen vacancies, which was observed from the surface morphology using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The Magnetic properties exhibited some enhancements in saturation magnetization when the particle size was near a limiting value. The reduction in the coercive magnetic field with the increase in dopant concentration was also evident from the M-H hysteresis loop measured by Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The Ferroelectric P-E hysteresis loop exhibited an increased symmetry in the hysteresis loop and increase in the polarization with the increase in %Ca. The 8% Ca doped BFO exhibited an incomplete saturation in the hysteresis loop and was evident to exhibit leakage current characteristics.
Journal of Engineering Science 11(1), 2020, 123-131
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