Kumtor, the largest gold mine in Central Asia, is located southeast of the Kyrgyz Republic at an altitude of 4000 m a.s.l. in a partially glaciated permafrost zone at 41º52'N and 78º11'E. Its climate is continental, with an average annual temperature of-8ºC [1]. The Kumtor complex is in close proximity to the active glaciers [2] belonging to the Naryn River basin, which has international importance [3]. As a result of the largescale activity of the Kumtor gold mine, only 162.9 tons of oiled rags were formed at the landfill site between 2014 and 2016, which relate to dangerous waste of
The prevalence of actinomyces of Streptomyces class in various types of soils of Kyrghyzstan and the variety of its species have been investigated. It is shown that predominant members of Streptomyces complex are in the Cinereus section of Chromogenus series which are basically adapted to chestnut and black soil while species of the section Roseus of the Fuscus series are adapted in gray, brown, and chestnut soils. Their antibiotic and growth-stimulating effect and a great opportunity of use in biotechnological process have been determined.
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop around the world and is of major importance to many countries [1][2]. In terms of global acreage and production, barley is the fourth major cereal crop after wheat, rice and corn globally [3], and is regarded as one of the most tolerant crops for drought and alkaline soils, and it has the highest water-use efficiency compared to other cereal crops, but it is less tolerant to acidic soils [4][5][6][7].Cultivation conditions of barley genetic diversity are essential for adapting to future environmental changes,
В работе представлены результаты экспериментов фиторемедиации нефтезагрязненной почвы полигона опасных отходов рудника Кумтор. Целью настоящей работы был подбор высокогорных растений, произрастающих в суровых условиях высокогорья рудника Кумтор на высоте более 3600 м над уровнем моря, для фиторемедиации грунтов, загрязненных нефтепродуктами. Были отобраны 2 вида местных растений: овсяница луговая (Festuca pratensis) и плевел многолетний (Lolium perenne). Изучались такие параметры тест-культур, как всхожесть, энергия прорастания, длина подземной и надземной частей. Отмечено, что умеренное нефтезагрязнение грунтов оказывает ростстимулирующее действие на всхожесть и токсическое действие на рост и развитие растений на более поздних сроках. К 20-м суткам произрастания отмечалось ростстимулирующее действие, а к 40-м суткам роста усиливалось токсическое воздействие. К 40-м суткам эксперимента длина корня у плевела многолетнего (Lolium perenne) была длиннее в 2,4 раза, а длина стебля -в 8,1 раза, чем у овсяницы луговой (Festuca pratensis). Рост тест-культур на фоновом образце к 40-м суткам преобладал над испытуемыми вариантами, и длина корня в фоновом образце была в 9,8 раза длиннее по сравнению с плевелом многолетним (Loliumperenne). Но, несмотря на эти факты, испытуемые растения были устойчивы и проявляли способность произрастать на нефтезагрязненной почве. Возможно, что они, произрастая в суровых климатических зонах высокогорья, уже выработали стрессоустойчивые способности, которые успешно могут быть использованы в фиторемедиации нефтезагрязненных почв на завершающем этапе очистных работ.
Pollution of soil ecosystems by petroleum-based contaminants is a global problem that requires urgent measures to resolve it, especially the pollution of soils in the subarctic and high-mountain regions (Filler et al. 2009, McDonald and Knox 2014, Adipah 2019. Petroleum pollution causes oxidative stress, changes in soil chemistry and low nutrient availability. Petroleum-based contaminants reduce the number and metabolic activity of aerobic soil microorganisms and affect plant growth and germination, creating an impermeable membrane that impedes water and oxygen circulation. Especially high molecular weight petroleum hydrocarbons negatively influence soils organisms for a long time (Chen and Zhong 2019).Sites in cold climatic zones experience temporally variable temperatures, and these variations may have an impact on the local soil microbial activity (Chang et al. 2011). Implementation of bioremediation techniques to accelerate natural biodegradation rates is an economically and ecologically effective method (Kumar et al. 2019). Nowadays bioremediation approaches have been studied by many researchers in numerous laboratory and field experiments, and approved as simple to maintain, applicable over large areas, cost-effective and environmentally friendly technologies to remediate oil contaminants (Adams et al. 2015, Koshlaf and Ball 2017, Wu et al. 2019. There are in-situ and ex-situ techniques, the first one involves treatment the contaminated soil without excavation whilst the latter does. In-situ soil remediation techniques are rare in many countries due to uncertainty about their effectiveness of this technique and possible adverse environmental impacts, especially in cold regions due to lack of knowledge
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.