This study aims to investigate the causes of culture shock experienced by international students of Indonesia who study abroad as well as how is the culture shock and how to cope with it. This study employed qualitative research. The research subjects comprised ten international students who study in three different countries; eight in China, one in Australia and one in Netherland. They were selected utilizing purposive sampling techniques and collected through a semi-structured interview. The results of this research showed there are three main conditions of culture shock experienced by international students, that categorized in three dimension of culture shock; affect, behaviour and cognitions. Moreover, it was found that there were several causes of culture shock revealed in academic and non-academic settings. The causes of culture shock in academic settings indicated affecting students GPA score, like language barriers and learning process. While in non-academic settings the culture shock experienced by the international students cause by food, seasons and weather, payment system and people behavior in their host country. Also, the subjects showed the way to cope with culture shock using their own coping strategy and it was revealed that having pre-departure orientation helped students cope with culture shock.
Speaking skill was one of essential parts in language learning and needed to be mastered by every student for a better foreign language communication. The aims of this research were (1) to find out the language learning strategies used by the students based on their personality factors (2) to observe the extent to which the personality factors and language learning strategies correlate with speaking skill, (3) to elaborate the interplay of personality factors and language learning strategies in developing students’ speaking skill. 25 students in the fourth semester of 2015/2016 class of English Education Department at Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan (STKIP) Muhammadiyah Bone were selected by purposive sampling. The research employed mixed method of descriptive quantitative (correlation) and descriptive qualitative analysis. Quantitative data were collected first from questionnaires and speaking test and qualitative data from interview. The results of the research indicated that most of extrovert students prefer to use indirect learning strategies (69%) while introvert students prefer to use direct learning strategies (89%). The correlation of personality factors and speaking skills was low (r=0.08), whereas the correlation of language learning strategies and speaking skill was strong (r=0.6). Therefore, the interplay of personality factors and language learning strategies showed that personality factors contribute to important roles in choosing the appropriate language learning strategies in developing speaking skill.
The purpose of this study is to understand the role of adult education in social change based on Stephen Brookfield’s scholarship. A critical review is done to analyze Brookfield’s thoughts and views about adult education. After reviewing four articles written by Brookfield, we found that there are three main roles of adult education formulated by Brookfield. First, adult education takes a role in social justice; second, adult education takes a role in social and political change, and third, adult education plays a role in social and community development. Besides, we also discuss the tradition of Brookfield scholarship which is mainly influenced by Marxism and understanding his identity as white Englishman and neutral academician who defends voices of marginal people rooted from his rich experiences work with minority group. Last, we bring up the educational practices suggested from Brookfield’s that views education related to social responsibility and policy which is not merely about teaching practice in classrooms. It is more a practical and critical education agenda that can solve public and social problem which inform policy making and concern on social injustice in the community.
The study object in this research is the representation of social class in the illustration of Sketches by Boz by Charles Dickens (1895). Social class is one of the most prominent themes raised by Charles Dickens in his work to satirize the condition of Victorian England as a form of empathy towards the lower class people. Dickens tries to portray that phenomenon into a series of story and illustration of people’s everyday life in his work ‘Sketches by Boz’. However, this social phenomenon is always depicted and discussed mostly in term of the narration form. On the contrary, illustration is often being ignored. The aim of this study is to bring together the importance of illustration in its relationship to the text. The method used in this study was a descriptive qualitative. It will examine how social class is portrayed in the illustration of Dickens’ Sketches by Boz by focusing particularly on the variety of techniques used by the illustrators in producing the illustrations. The result shows that both narration and illustration highlights the social class reality in the Victorian era. The narration and the illustration cannot be separated in Charles Dickens’ Sketches by Boz since it is created to be a description of people’s everyday life in Victorian London. Keywords: Charles Dickens, Illustration, Narration, Social Class
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of the tongue twister method on students' pronunciation. This research employed quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design. The population of this study is the second-grade students of SMAN 1 Campalagian, 150 students, and the sample consists of 32 students who are divided into two groups; the control group (16 students) and the experimental group (16 students). The control group was taught using the song technique while the experimental group was taught using the tongue twister method. The researchers used test (Pre-test and post-test) as the instrument in the study. Based on the test results, the researchers conclude that the average post-test score is higher than the pre-test, those are (60>55) and (75>65). This research indicates that there is a significant difference in value between the two. Therefore, it can be concluded that students make improvement in learning pronunciation through tongue twisters.
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