Compound of 3,3'-(4-(2-amino-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)pyridine-2,6-diyl)dianiline (CHP) has been synthesized via three-step synthetic procedure from veratraldehyde as starting material and 4-(4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-2,6-bis(3-nitrophenyl)pyridine (CHP-1) as an intermediate compound. The CHP-1 was reduced using hydrazine hydrate catalyzed by 10% Pd/C to the final target of CHP. The spectroscopic study revealed that CHP in acetonitrile could detect formaldehyde through fluorescence enhancement and showed color change from yellow to blue under the 365 nm portable ultraviolet lamp as a response. Based on the fluorescence spectra, the emission wavelength of CHP in acetonitrile was shifted from 526 to 480 nm after addition of formaldehyde. Limit detection (LOD), selectivity, sensitivity, and computational study geometry of CHP as a chemosensor for formaldehyde has also been investigated. CHP could also be applied as a test paper for the detection of formaldehyde qualitatively.
Azine derivative 6,6'-((1E,1'E)-hydrazine-1,2-diylidenebis(methanyly-lidene))bis (3,4-dimethoxy-aniline) CHA has been synthesized by condensation of 6-nitroveratraldehyde with malononitrile followed by reduction using 10% Pd/C and hydrazine hydrate. In the presence of formaldehyde, CHA chemosensor in ethanol showed a yellow-to-red color change observable by the naked eyes and 'turn off' type fluorescence quenching in ethanol. This phenomenon was confirmed by UV-Vis, fluorescence and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. The CHA spectra in ethanol was shifted from 412 to 509 nm after addition of formaldehyde. Fluorescence intensity of CHA gradually decreased with the increase of formaldehyde concentrations. Furthermore, paper strips loaded-CHA were fabricated and served to detect formaldehyde qualitatively. The detection limit of the CHA probe to formaldehyde is 0.2 M. ABSTRAKTerbitan azina CHA 6,6'-((1E,1'E)-hidrazina-1,2-diilidenebis(metanili-liden))bis (3,4-dimetoksi-anilin) telah disintesis dengan pemeluwapan 6-nitroveratraldehid dengan malononitril diikuti dengan pengurangan menggunakan 10% Pd/C dan hidrat hidrazina. Dengan kehadiran formaldehid, kemoderia CHA dalam etanol menunjukkan perubahan warna daripada kuning kepada merah yang boleh diperhatikan oleh mata kasar dan 'mematikan' jenis pemelindapan kependarfluoran dalam etanol. Fenomena ini disahkan oleh UV-vis, kependarfluoran dan spektroskopi 1 H NMR. Spektrum CHA dalam etanol telah beralih daripada 412 kepada 509 nm selepas penambahan formaldehid. Keamatan kependarfluoran CHA secara beransur-ansur menurun dengan peningkatan kepekatan formaldehid. Tambahan pula, jalur kertas yang dimuatkan-CHA telah direka dan digunakan untuk mengesan formaldehid secara kualitatif. Had pengesanan prob CHA kepada formaldehid adalah 0.2 M.
Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in childrenand, if incorrectly handled, may cause long-term complications,such as renal failure. The best test to diagnose UTIs is urineculture. However, urine culture is time-consuming, taking 3 - 5days. Therefore, there is a need for faster, alternative methods.Urinalysis is a common diagnostic test to establish the diagnosisof UTI.Objective To determine the sensitivity andspecificity of urine leukocytes, nitrite and leukocyte esterase forUTIs diagnosis.Methods We performed diagnostic tests at Dr. Sardjito Hospital,Yogyakarta. We examined the presence of leukocytes in urine by microscopy,urinary nitrite and leukocyte esterase by dipstick test, while comparing to urine culture as the gold standard.Results Two hundred children were included in our study. Byparallel test analysis, we found the sensitivity, specificity, positivepredictive value and negative predictive value of using all 3 testsin combination were 95%, 59%, 74% and 89%, respectivelyConclusion Test for urine leukocytes, nitrite and leukocyteesterase have high sensitivity but low specificity for diagnosingUTIs. Therefore, negative results in these 3 tests do not ruleout the possibility of UTI in children. [Paediatr Indones.2011 ;51;252-5].
Symmetrical Amino Azine derivative compound of 6,6'-((1E,1'E)-hydrazine-1,2-diylidenebis (methanyl-ylidene)) bis (3,4-dimethoxyaniline) TM has been synthesized through an unusual reaction route employed benzylidine derivative with some electron withdrawing groups as intermediate compounds. The targeted TM compound was prepared by one pot reaction of the intermediate 2-(4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzylidene) malononitrile 3 or (E)-1,2-dimethoxy-4-nitro-5-(2-nitrovinyl)-benzene 4 or nitrohydrazone 5 with excess 80% hydrazine hydrate and 10% Pd/C catalyst. However, direct synthesis to produce TM using nitro aryl aldehyde derivatives with 80% hydrazine hydrate and 10% Pd/C catalyst failed to obtain the target compound of TM.
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