This study aims to examine the level of employer satisfaction towards industrial training students of the UiTM Pahang Civil Engineering Diploma Program and identify employer satisfaction factors for industrial training students from aspects of knowledge, personality, generic skills, and soft skills. This study is focused on semester four students undergoing industrial training. This study was conducted on 158 respondents from various organizations. Using the important relative index (RII), the level of important factors was ranked through the value of the index. Findings show the highest employer satisfaction is towards the student mastering their knowledge, adhering to the working hours, improving their skills and knowledge, and communicating well with co-workers. Besides, it also shows a good correlation between knowledge and personality among industrial training students. This study found that industrial training students of the Civil Engineering Diploma Program had a good level of control over all four domains. Overall findings showed that employers are satisfied with the industrial training students of the UiTM Pahang Civil Engineering Diploma Program. This study is important to measure the effectiveness of the industrial training syllabus in terms of achieving the program outcomes addressed in the syllabus
The use of natural fibers at high percentages of loading in thermoplastic composites for the production of sustainable and green materials in consumer goods, furniture, automotive industry and construction industry is emerging. Several studies have been conducted by many researchers to improve the mechanical properties of the fibers and the fiber-matrix interface for better bonding and load transfer especially when high fiber loading is used. The natural fiber hydrophilic properties make the poor interface and poor resistance to moisture absorption when used to reinforce hydrophobic matrices. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of different surface treatment namely magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on the properties of kenaf fiber for different molarities. Morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and tensile properties of kenaf fibers after different surface treatment are evaluated. Results showed that the treatment on kenaf fibers has removed the hydroxyl group in cellulose and increase the surface roughness which resulted in the improvement of the tensile properties of kenaf fibers as compared to untreated kenaf fibers.
One of the major concerns of wood plastic composite for outdoor application is moisture absorption and thickness swelling (TS). This study investigates the effect of temperature on moisture absorption and TS characteristics of kenaf reinforced polyethylene composite (KPeC). The kenaf materials (core and bast) are at a ratio of 60:10 and were treated with 10 % magnesium chloride (MgCl2). For the preparation of composites, the weight ratio of the kenaf filler (containing core and bast) to high-density polyethylene matrix was 70:22 (wt./wt.), and the weight of the coupling agent in the formulation was 3 wt. %. The composites were prepared using a hot compression molding. The effect of temperature and humidity on the properties of the KPeCs were determined following conditioning at different temperature and relative humidity (RH) combinations, namely 20°C-95%RH, 30°C-95%RH, 50°C-95%RH, and soaking in water at 20°C. The KPeCs were conditioned at various combinations of temperature and RH (20°C-95%RH, 30°C-95%RH, 50°C-95%RH, and soaking in water at 20°C) and the effects of these various conditions on the properties of KPeCs were determined. At 95% RH exposure, the moisture absorption and swelling rate of both composites increased as the temperature increased. All KPeCs at different exposures exhibited Fickian behavior except for KPeCControl and KPeC10%-MgCl2 when aged at 20°C-95%RH.
The use of natural fibres at high percentages of loading in thermoplastic composites for the production of sustainable and green materials in consumer goods, furniture, automotive industry and construction industry is encourage. Several studies have been conducted by many researchers to improve the mechanical properties of the fibres and the fibre-matrix interface for better bonding and load transfer especially when high fibre loading is used. The natural fibre hydrophilic properties make the poor interface and poor resistance to moisture absorption when used to reinforce hydrophobic matrices. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of different surface treatment of kenaf bast fibre on the flexural strength of kenaf polyethylene composite (KPC). These composites, made using high-density polyethylene (HDPE) as the matrix polymer, kenaf core and kenaf bast fibre as the reinforcing filler at different percentages of filler and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (MAPE) as compatibilizing agents. Overall, KPCs with bast fibre treated with 0.06M MgCl2 and 0.06M NaOH enhanced the flexural strength of the composites as compared to untreated bast fibre in the composite. Besides, the flexural properties of the KPCs significantly decreased with increasing kenaf bast fibre content, due to the reduction of interface bond between the fibre and matrix.
Jengka is the largest FELDA in Malaysia located in the state of Pahang Darul Makmur. Jengka consists of 25 FELDA plans which are palm and rubber producers. The production of Palm Oil Fly Ash (POFA) is rising every year, it is disposed of in landfills, now becoming an important environmental disposal issue. The government needs to focus on assigning more hectares of land for disposal of these huge amounts of waste, and financial losses are also increased for transporting as well as maintenance purposes of these wastes. The pollution problem is increased in this sector which includes the annual production of 2.6 million tonnes of solid waste in the form of POFA. The large quantity of this waste can create an environmental problem if disposed of in the wrong way. However, reduction of dumped waste and environmental sustainability can be ensured by proper consumption or recycling of these materials. Therefore, this research innovation used waste material of POFA in a concrete mixture to produce eco pavement block. The compliance testing for the concrete mix was investigated. The optimal mix design proportion in order to increase the compressive strength, density and durability of POFA concrete was established. Mix proportion containing 5 % POFA mixtures exhibited substantially higher rates of strength gain as compared with other mixtures containing 10 % and 15 % of POFA. The workability of POFA concrete increases, thus, the permeability and bleeding in concrete decrease. Implementation of POFA waste not only decreases environmental damage but also saves concrete materials.
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