This study aims to examine the level of employer satisfaction towards industrial training students of the UiTM Pahang Civil Engineering Diploma Program and identify employer satisfaction factors for industrial training students from aspects of knowledge, personality, generic skills, and soft skills. This study is focused on semester four students undergoing industrial training. This study was conducted on 158 respondents from various organizations. Using the important relative index (RII), the level of important factors was ranked through the value of the index.  Findings show the highest employer satisfaction is towards the student mastering their knowledge, adhering to the working hours, improving their skills and knowledge, and communicating well with co-workers. Besides, it also shows a good correlation between knowledge and personality among industrial training students. This study found that industrial training students of the Civil Engineering Diploma Program had a good level of control over all four domains. Overall findings showed that employers are satisfied with the industrial training students of the UiTM Pahang Civil Engineering Diploma Program. This study is important to measure the effectiveness of the industrial training syllabus in terms of achieving the program outcomes addressed in the syllabus

The quality of the subgrade is depending on the geotechnical properties, strength and the stabilization technique adopted for problematic soil in order to increase the bearing value. In Malaysia, soft soil is a challenging due to very low strength value and low California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value as well. The soil stabilization process is conducted to increase bearing capacity of marine soil. An experimental works cover from identification of basic soil properties by index test, compaction test and CBR test. Though, the marine soils have to be treated and stabilized with available methods like using natural materials or additive agents. In this study, geotechnical characteristics of marine soil stabilized with CSP content were determined. The unsoaked treated marine soil stabilized with CSP was investigated. Four different compounds of the soil with 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% of CSP were mixed and added to determine the unsoaked CBR of the stabilized soil compounds. The results show the inclusion of CSP reduced the plasticity of the soil and highest dry density was decreased with an increase in the optimum water content. Moreover, by increasing the content of CSP the highest CBR value at 2.5 and 5.0 mm penetrations were achieved. The increasing percentage volume of water usage indicates the decreasing value of CBR. The results indicated that CSP contents have potential as a natural stabilizer for applications such as road sub-base material in road construction. The road sub-base will gain great strength with addition of CSP on marine soil

Student-centered learning (SCL) is one of the teaching methods commonly used nowadays as it encourages the active participation and engagement of students in the classroom, especially for the engineering theoretical subject. This study is aimed to examine the factors of students’ involvement and participation towards the SCL Teaching Method in terms of the activities, benefits, problems, and limitations of student involvement. The quantitative data are obtained from the responses of students that enroll in an engineering theoretical subject in the Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Pahang Civil Engineering Diploma Program. These questionnaires were being classified into five major factors that are the formation of group studies for SCL activities, activities conducted for SCL teaching method, benefits that they gain from SCL method, problems that they encounter during SCL, and suggestions for student improvement towards the activity SCL session. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively by using the percentage and mean method in SPSS computer software. The Relative Importance Index (RII) system was used to quantify the relative importance of involvement factors. This study revealed three main factors affecting the participation and engagement of students in the classroom. This study has an important contribution to help academicians to improve and enhance their teaching method to achieve the objective of the SCL method in the future.

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The development of bio-composites as biodegradable and renewable materials for sustainable technology are advantageous in creating a green and healthy environment. However, the application of natural fiber as a bio-composite material have been found to be restricted especially as it has lower thermal resistance in comparison to synthetic fiber. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the influence of fiber orientations on the tensile properties at various tensile temperatures for unidirectional kenaf polypropylene (PP) composite. Samples were prepared by hot pressing process. In this study, kenaf long fibers that are produced from water retting process is use as a reinforcement agent while PP as a polymer in the composite fabrication. A tensile test was carried out at different temperatures (30°C, 60°C, 90°C, 120°C) for various orientations (0°, 45° and 90°). It was found that an increase of temperature will reduce the modulus and tensile strength where the highest reduction occurred between 60°C to 120°C and most significantly on the orientation of 45° and 90°, which is lower than pure PP. This concludes that the application of kenaf PP composite is optimum between room temperature with a cut-off temperature at 60°C.

This paper provides a brief review on wastewater treatment system and the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) for assessing its environmental performance. An extensive review regarding the geographical relevance of LCA for WWTPs, and the evaluation of sustainable wastewater treatment by LCA in both developed and developing countries are also discussed. The objective of the review is to identify knowledge gap, for the improvement of the LCA application and methodology to WWTPs. A total of 35 published articles related to wastewater treatment (WWT) and LCA from international scientific journals were studied thoroughly and summarised from 2006 to 2022. This review found that there is lack of studies concerning LCA of WWTPs that consider specific local criteria especially in the developing countries. Thus, it is important to: (1) assess the influence of seasonality (i.e., dry and wet seasons) on the environmental impact of WWT, (2) investigate environmental impacts from WWTPs in developing countries focusing on the site-specific inventory data, and (3) evaluate environmental sustainability of different processes for upgrading the wastewater treatment system. The environmental impact and cost assessment aspects are crucial for the sustainable development of WWTP. Therefore, environmental impacts must be thoroughly assessed to provide recommendation for future policy and for the water industry in determining environmental trade-offs toward sustainable development.

Index properties of soared are the most crucial part of the soil, which impact construction activities due to the rapid growth of urbanization and industrialization. Soft soil is one of the most unstable soil which has a low strength and stiffness index due to its high liquid limit. Stabilization of soil by adding chemical or non-chemical based such as lime and cockle shell powder have proven to improve the index properties of soft soil. Lime and cockle shell powder is the most popular reinforcement materials used in the study on the soil reinforcement for soft soil. The use of lime and cockle shell powder as reinforcement materials in soil are proven effective. The study’s objective is to investigate the effectiveness of different admixtures used in the soil stabilization compared to lime and cockle shell powder on the effect of Atterberg limit and compaction characteristics of soft soil. It is shown the soil reinforcement in soil stabilization is functionally in improving mechanical properties of the soft soil. Meanwhile, the admixture in powder formed to act as a fine binder between soil and stabilizer agents. This will enhance the index properties of original soft soil such as Atterberg limit and compaction characteristics.

Open and distance learning (ODL) has become an alternative in teaching and learning (T&L) while the COVID-19 pandemic crisis struck the world globally in December 2019. However, the preferred tool and platform to be chosen in the transition period among students remain uncertain. The purpose of this study was to assess and investigate the effect of T&L preference techniques and technologies chosen by employing ODL in universities during the pandemic. This research adopted a descriptive approach and a quantitative survey was used to collect the necessary data. The questionnaire consisted of 14 questions and was separated into two parts: demographic information and undergraduate students' preference towards online class technology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Four themes and 16 sub-themes were identified in the set of questions in the survey. The results of the analysis revealed that ODL is the preferred method with WhatsApp social media platform as the medium for communication between educators and learners. Educators might consider devoting additional attention to improving teaching and learning practices in open and distance learning in choosing the right approaches and platform to be used through online and offline classes.