Paparan sinar matahari dengan kandungan radiasi UV merupakan salah satu faktor pencetus radikal bebas penyebab penuaan dini (Photoaging), yang ditandai dengan hiperpigmentasi, kerutan, dan menurunnya elastisitas kulit. Solusi permasalahan ini adalah penggunaan antioksidan yang dapat menangkal terbentuknya radikal bebas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat formula krim antioksidan dari ekstrak perikarpium kulit manggis dengan perbedaan penetration enhancer untuk mendapatkan persentase penetrasi dan retensi terbaik di kulit. Ekstrak perikarpium buah manggis dibuat dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 70% kemudian diukur aktivitas antioksidannya dan kandungan fenoliknya, selanjutnya digunakan sebagai bahan aktif dalam formula krim. Formula F1-F3 dibuat kemudian dievaluasi karakteristik fisiknya dan dilakukan pengujian penetrasi secara in vitro. Pengujian penetrasi secara in vitro dilakukan terhadap F2 dan F3 yang mengandung ekstrak. Hasil IC50 ekstrak terhadap DPPH sebesar 7,514 µg/mL dan kandungan fenolik sebesar 112,70 ± 0,80 mgGAE/g. Nilai persentase penetrasi, persentase retensi, dan nilai flux secara berturut-turut untuk F2 sebesar 9,96% ± 0,075%; 37,951% ± 0,103%; 3,037 ± 0,023 µg/cm2.jam dan F3 sebesar 7,872% ± 0,078% ; 33,874% ± 0,259%; 2,400 ± 0,024 µg/cm2.jam. Dari hasil analisis statistik, disimpulkan bahwa F2 adalah formula terbaik dengan karakteristik fisik yang homogen, memiliki warna kekuningan, tipe emulsi m/a, pH sediaan 6, daya lekat 11,05 ± 0,87 detik, dan diameter daya sebar 6,20 ± 0,10 cm.Sun exposure with UV radiation is one of the triggers for free radicals that cause premature aging (photoaging), characterized by hyperpigmentation, wrinkles, and decreased skin elasticity. The solution to this problem is the use of antioxidants that can prevent the formation of free radicals. The purpose of this study was to formulate an antioxidant cream dosage form from pericarpium extract of mangosteen pericarpium with different penetration enhancers to obtain the best percentage of penetration and retention in the skin. Pericarpium extract of mangosteen fruit was prepared by maceration method using 70% ethanol, then the antioxidant activity and the phenolic content were measured and were used as an active ingredient in the cream formula. Formula F1-F3 were made, their physical characteristics were evaluated, and in vitro penetration testing was carried out. In vitro penetration testing was carried out on F2 and F3 containing extracts. The IC50 value of the extract against DPPH was found to be 7.514 µg/mL and the phenolic content was found to be 112,70 ± 0,80 mgGAE/g. The percentage of penetration, retention percentage, and flux value were 9.96% ± 0.075%, 37.951% ± 0.103%, 3.037 ± 0.023 µg/cm2.hour respectively for F2 and 7.872% ± 0.078% , 33.874% ± 0.259%, 2.400 ± 0.024 µg/cm2.hour, respectively for F3. From the results of statistical analysis, it was concluded that F2 was the best formula with homogeneous physical characteristics, had a yellowish color, emulsion type w/o, pH value of 6, adhesion of 11.05 ± 0.87 seconds, and diameter of spreadability of 6.20 ± 0.10 cm.
Chili pepper leaves have been used empirically as wound healing caused by sharp objects. Several studies show its antibacterial and wound healing activity. This study aims to make gel from chili leaves extract, then to determine its wound healing activity and its irritating properties on rat’s skin. Gel was made using variations type and concentration of gelling agent, consist of carbopol 0.5%, 0.75%, 1% and hydroxypropylmetlcellulose at 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% respectively. Cycling test then conducts to determined its physical stability. Gel that physically stable then evaluated its activity as a wound healer and skin irritation test. Results showed that all formula has no altered on organoleptic properties and pH value. Gel that made from 0.5% carbopol (F2) and 7.5% of HMPC (F5) has no change in spreadability and adhesion properties. Based on statistically analysis using paired t-test and one-way ANOVA, it concludes that F2 and F5 physically stable and could follow wound healer evaluation. Wound healer evaluation show that healing time (days) of carbopol base gel (F2) is 10.2±1.26, HPMC based gel is 8±0.82. Length of incision wound (cm) at the 8th day are 0.5±0.183 for F2 and 0.06±0.071 for F5. Statistically analysis of healing time (p<0.01) and wound length (p<0.05) show that F5 that contain 5% HPMC has significantly different compare to negative control. The results of the irritation test showed that gel formulas not caused erythema and edema on rat’s skin. It can be concluded that gel of chili pepper leave extract that made with 5% of HPMC has wound healing activity and safety to use.
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