Modern agronomic technologies must include environmentally-friendly technologies in crop growing. In Kazakhstan, despite its significant potential, environmentallyfriendly farming is underdeveloped with little scientific backing. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to develop and suggest an adaptive technology for cultivation of legumes taking into account existing methodologies for environmentallyfriendly production in the dry steppe zone of Akmola region, Northern Kazakhstan. In order to achieve the objectives, the study focused on determination of a complex impact of combination of agroecological conditions (incl. agro-climatic, content of selected heavy metals such as Cu and Zn in soil, weed pressure, etc.), contrasting soil cultivation technology (i.e. traditional vs zero-tillage), nutrient inputs (fertilizers, legume stimulators) and pesticides on growth and productivity of selected legume crops (peas and chickpeas). The overall agroecological and growing conditions were suitable for producing economically-important legume crops (i.e. pea and chickpea), despite the temperature fluctiations and soil moisture shortage. Despite the very low content of N and P in the upper soil layer, the Cu and Zn content was within the Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL) for Kazakhstan, with a low anticipated negative effect on target legume growth. The least number of weeds was recorded by the variant with application of biological preparation Respecta. The targeted legumes were better developed during the growing season under the traditional technology compared to zero-tillage technology, i.e. germination and seed viability, which might be attributed to better utilisation of soil air and improved soil porosity of the soil layer of 0-20 cm when using traditional technology. Combinations of mineral fertilizer CaSO 4 + 2H 2 O 5 with the innoculation promoter Rizotorfin, and Izagry Phosphorus with Rizotorfin may be recommended to farmers. The application of plant inoculation promoter Rizotorfin was more effective when combined with Phosphorus promoter Izagry Phosphorus. This combination i) reduced the time of passing the main phenophases of pea and chickpea, and the overall length of vegetation (in days). It gives farmers an opportunity to apply late sowing, e.g. in the beginning of June and use the higher temperatures during main vegetation period, and ii) had a positive
Актуальность исследований заключена в необходимости создания сырьевых конвейеров для хозяйств, содержащие мелкий рогатый скот, путемподбора наиболее продуктивных кормовых культур в условиях сухостепной зоны. В данной статье представлены данные, полученные учеными при проведении полевых исследований в условиях сухостепной зоны, в которой цель исследований заключалась в определении кормовых культур итравосмесей, их устойчивости на сорные растения, при использовании их в сырьевом конвейере, и определении продуктивности при включениипокровной культуры в различные сроки скашивания. В соответствии с приведенными данными, можно утверждать, что из научно обоснованно представленных к исследованию видов культур, наиболее продуктивными культурами в системе сырьевого конвейера в представленных условияхявилась суданская трава с урожайностью 16,9 т/га в варианте без покрова, и травосмесь горох+суданская трава - 23,6 т/га, а из одновидовых культур, втоже время, динамика накопления зеленой массы в системе сырьевого конвейера в варианте с покровом овса оказалась аналогичной, но урожайность культур и травосмесей оказалась выше до 5%, чем в вариантебез покрова. Необходимо отметить, что представленные для проведения исследования культуры - кормовое просо, пайза, также показали неплохую урожайность в варианте с применением покровной культуры.
The role of agriculture, including fodder production to ensure food security of the country, job growth and economic development have repeatedly stressed the head of state, including those in the Message President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Nursultan Serekpaev, A.Nogayev, S.Bekbulatov., Journal of agricultural sciences №11 (02):96-97, 2013
In this article we analyze the effect of sowing date on yield of Sudan grass green mass. The study was conducted over 2 years on the basis of working farms in the dry steppe zone of Kazakhstan. The yield ofSudan grass green mass is depending on the most favorable sowing dates.
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