ABSTRACT. To study the effect of estrogenic chemicals on fish, the gonadosomatic index (GSI = [testis weight/body weight] × 100) and testis histology of mature common carp (Cyprinus carpio) from 2 contaminated sites (Ishizu and Wada rivers, Osaka) and a control site were examined between June 1998 and March 2001. The concentration of nonylphenol, bisphenol A and 17β-estradiol in the Ishizu river was 3-4 times higher than in the Wada river. In the pre-breeding and breeding seasons, there were no significant differences in body weight among carp from the 3 sites, the body weight of Ishizu river carp being significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of Wada river fish only in the post-breeding season. The GSI and testis weight in fish from the Ishizu river were significantly lower (p<0.05) than in control fish during all phases of gonadal cycle and lower than in Wada river fish in the pre-breeding and post-breeding season. No histological abnormalities were found in the testes of the males examined. Histological observation of the testes revealed a delay in the onset of spermatogenesis in fish from the Ishizu river compared with those from the other sites. These results clearly imply that the estrogenic chemicals in the Ishizu river adversely affect the testis development of the fish. There is growing evidence in support of the claim that contamination of a wildlife population with estrogenic chemicals can disturb the reproductive function of vertebrates [6,7,12]. Many researches have been focused on fish, since as aquatic inhabitants they receive sewage or industrial effluent and agricultural runoff containing estrogenic chemicals [5,14,30]. In fish, estrogenic responses have been associated with exposure to pesticides [3,35], pulp mill effluents [23,29,34], plasticizers [19] and sewage effluent [2,17,31]. Abnormalities have also been reported in the male reproductive system of fish living in water polluted by sewage or industrial chemicals [12,25]. Studies on the male teleost revealed changes including induced vitellogenin production [5,13,14,20], hermaphroditism as evidenced by the presence of both testicular and ovarian tissues [8,10,11,18,31], reduced testis size [20] and reduced plasma androgen concentrations together with delayed sexual maturity [26].Some information is known on the effect of estrogens and estrogenic chemicals on the carp testis, and their relation to seasonal changes in testis morphology. Three-month exposure to a sublethal dose of 4-tert-pentylphenol or 17β-estradiol causes progressive disappearance of spermatozoa and spermatogenic cysts, and reduces the seminiferous tubule diameter, in mature male carp [11]. Ovo-testes were found in juvenile carp exposed to xeno-estrogens during sexual differentiation [8,9]. However, a field study on adult crucian carp (Carassius carassius) living in a pond containing treated pulp mill effluent showed no gonadal deformation or feminization of male gonads [23]. It is therefore important to study the testis of mature male carp (Cyprinus carpio) living in rivers ...

Covid-19 pandemic could increase forms of malnutrition such as overweight and micronutrient deficiencies. Fruits and vegetables are the best sources of vitamins and minerals. The content of vitamins and minerals can act as antioxidant compounds. The method used in this service activity consists of the planning stage, the implementation of the activity, and ends with an evaluation as a measure of the level of success. Health education is carried out by means of lectures and question and answer sessions, educational media using leaflets and PowerPoint Presentations. Results: the evaluation shows that the activities have been carried out well in accordance with the results indicators and criteria on the Evaluation Sheet instrument. The sheet is based on five dimensions, namely Punctuality and Duration, Participation, Knowledge, Job Description and Problem Solving. The content of the evaluation is carried out by two independent observers.

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Abstract. Nurhidayat, Wardin L, Sitorus E. 2016. The survival and growth performance of juvenile cardinal tetra(Paracheirodon axelrodi) with application of tropical almond (Terminalia catappa) leaves. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 1-4.The proportional appearance of the length and the weight, and the color pattern are key factors of ornamental fishes. Modification of environment and application of food may be done to increase fish quality. The addition of active compound of tropical almond (Terminalia catappa) leaves at certain doses can be done to increase survival rate and the growth of juvenile cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi). This research used completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications. Therefore, there were 16 experimental units. The treatments were four doses of almond leaves: D0 (without almond leaves), D1 (0.5 g/L), D2 (1.5 g/L) and D3 (2,5 g/L). Experimental fish used in this research was cardinal tetra. The result showed that 0.5 g/L and 1.5 g/L of almond leaves addition resulted in 100% survival rate. Those concentrations also increased the body length by 1.28 cm and increased the weight by 0.092 g. The best water parameters used during the research were: temperature of 25-29 o C, dissolved oxygen of 6-6.6 ppm, pH of 6-6.5, alkalinity of 22.66-33.98 ppm, water hardness of 26.17-57.00 ppm, ammonia of 0.0052-0.0104 ppm, and nitrite of 0.0029-0.0696 ppm.

In January 2020, the world was rocked by a corona virus outbreak, the virus first appeared in Wuhan City in China. The impact is not only China that feels other countries including Indonesia feel the shake. The impact caused by the corona virus is multidimensional social, economic, political, educational, and health. For the corona virus zakat institution, it has an impact on the collection of zakat. The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze new strategies in collecting zakat in Indonesia. The approach used in this paper is descriptive qualitative. The main data source of this paper is information in various media about the fundraising strategy of zakat institutions which we limit Baznas, Dompet Dhuafa, Lazismu and Lazisnu. The conclusion of this paper is that zakat institutions in Indonesia (Baznas and LAZ) currently still integrate the collection manually and digitally. Both of these strategies are still a mainstay, it is adjusted to the muzaki segmentation.Keywords: Strategy, Fundraising, Zakat, Post-Pandemic AbstrakBulan Januari 2020, dunia diguncang wabah virus corona, virus tersebut pertama kali muncul di Kota Wuhan China. Dampaknya tidak hanya negara China yang merasakan negara-negara lainpun termasuk Indonesia merasakan guncang tersebut. Dampak yang ditimbulkan virus corona bersifat multidimensional sosial, ekonomi, politik, pendidikan, dan kesehatan. Bagi institusi zakat virus corona ini berdampak terhadap penghimpunan zakat. Oleh sebab itu pasca pandemi institusi zakat harus melakukan inovasi dalam penghimpunan zakat. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis bagaimana strategi baru dalam penghimpunan zakat di Indonesia. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Adapun sumber data utama tulisan ini adalah informasi di berbagai media mengenai strategi fundraising zakat institusi zakat yang kami batasi Baznas, Dompet Dhuafa, Lazismu dan Lazisnu. Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini adalah bahwa institusi zakat di Indonesia (Baznas maupun LAZ) saat ini masih mengintegrasikan penghimpunan secara manual dan digital. Kedua strtategi ini masih menjadi andalan, hal tersebut disesuaikan dengan segmentasi muzaki.      Kata Kunci: Strategi, Fundraising, Zakat, Pasca Pandemi

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kinerja media biofilter zeolit dan bioball dalam perbaikan kualitas air yang akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan sintasan ikan red rainbow (Glossolepis incisus Weber) pada sistem resirkulasi. Wadah percobaan berupa akuarium dengan ukuran 100 cm x 60 cm x 40 cm sebanyak 24 buah, masing-masing ditebar ikan sebanyak 60 ekor/akuarium. Ikan uji yang digunakan dengan bobot awal 0,71 g dan panjang 3,51 cm. Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam percobaan adalah media biofilter: A. zeolit 100%, B. zeolit 75% + bioball 25%, C. zeolit 50% + bioball 50%, D. zeolit 25% + bioball 75%, E. bioball 100%, dan F. kontrol. Pakan yang digunakan adalah pelet komersial, diberikan 5% dari bobot total ikan yang diberikan sebanyak tiga kali (pagi, siang, dan sore). Percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan enam perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak empat kali. Hasil pengamatan perlakuan media biofilter zeolit 75% + bioball 25% memberikan kualitas air terbaik dengan kualitas baik (kategori IV), dengan efektivitas oksidasi amonia sebesar 95,03±0,31% dan biomassa bakteri non patogen (nitrifikasi) dengan jumlah koloni (8,6±1,91) x 106. Pertumbuhan panjang total dan sintasan yang diperoleh 66,67% (2,34 cm) dan 96,67%.

The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe strategies to improve jump service in the student activity unit of the University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta. The population and sample in this study were students who participated in the volleyball activity unit as many as 60 people, namely 30 sons and 30 daughters, purposive sampling was used in the selection of samples. This type of research presents descriptive research using a quantitative research type approach. Data analysis techniques use descriptive statistical percentages. Descriptive analysis is the purpose of analyzing and describing the characteristics of this overall data analysis used in the SPSS program version 20.0. The conclusion of this study is a strategy to improve jump service skills in the student activity unit through physical condition training by considering the special preparatory physical condition training program,  pre-competition physical condition training program,  main competition physical condition training program,  transition physical condition training program, and compiling an exercise program. Following the characteristics of the sport of football. However, to determine the exercise program the physical condition needs to be careful, because in this study the sample used is still very little, and the need to consider other variables in conducting further research.