The immune system is closely related to leukocytes. Leukocytes are part of the immune system which have an important role in every disease-causing agent. One of the efforts that can be made to increase the immune response is to provide an immunomodulator, a substance that can improve the immune system by means of stimulation (immunostimulants). Black cumin is able to stimulate bone marrow and immune cells and is able to protect normal cells from damage by disease agents, an increase in the total number of blood cells and their differentiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving black cumin oil extract on leukocyte levels in male mice. This type of research is experimental, to see the levels of leukocytes, after being treated with doses of 150 mg/kgBB, 300 mg/kgBB and 600 mg/kgBB for 21 days. The data obtained were then analyzed statistically using the ANOVA test. The results obtained by the total number of leukocytes on day 7, day 14 and 21 showed a significant difference (p <0.05) for each treatment group. The use of black seed oil extract is very effective for boosting the immune system or immunostimulating. The benefit of this research is that it can provide information to the public that black cumin oil extract can be used as an alternative in increasing the body's immune system.
Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) is the most common intestinal parasific infection and in one of the contributors to the global disease burden. Diagnosis of Soil Transmitted Helminth desease can be done using sedimentation method and natif method. This study aims to find out the differences in sedimentation methods and natif methods in deteting Soil Transmitted Helminth Type of research conducted ind true experimental form. This research was conducted on March 27-29, 2021 at the Microbiology Laboratory of Muhammadiyah Institute of Health and Technology Palembang which numbered 35 respondents. The results obtained in this study were as many as 2 positive samples and 33 negative samples. In sample 1 there are 2 types of eggs Soil Transmitted Helminth namely eggs Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura on sedimentation method and natif method, while in sample 5 there are eggs Ascaris lumbricoides only on the natif method. The results of the research data were conduted using an alternative test Wilcoxon with a value of P = 0.317 means there is no difference that signifikan.the conclusion of this study was obtained by the examination that there is no difference in sedimentation with natiif method.
Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria causes infectious diseases in the respiratory tract. Gold standard for the diagnosis of diseases caused by Streptococcus pyogenes is culture. The special media used is blood agar media. Blood agar media contains special nutrients for bacterial growth, which are enriched with animal or human blood. In Indonesia, wool sheep blood is not easy to obtain, because it is difficult to breed and cannot live adapt to the tropical climate. The alternative is to use human blood as an essential compound for making blood agar media (Abdat, 2010). Based on interviews with several nurses in the hospital there is a phenomenon of blood loss caused by transfusion reactions in patients, so that blood cannot be used anymore. The existence of this phenomenon researchers are interested in conducting research on the utilization of transfusion residual blood that is used as raw material for the manufacture of BAP media in isolation of the growth of the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes. The number of Streptococcus pyogenes bacterial colonies growing in the media so that sheep blood reaches 170 while in the media so that humans only reach 143 and more colonies that grow in the media so that sheep blood because the blood used is still fresh, so the blood component is still intact, like hemoglobin and erythrocytes haven't died yet.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesulitan belajar siswa dan faktor-faktor penyebab kesulitan dalam pembelajaran tentang bakteri pada kelas X SMA Muhammadiyah Mataram. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Muhammadiyah Mataram. Tehnik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan tes objektif dan kuesioner. Hasil analisis kesulitan belajar memperoleh 1 siswa pada kategori sangat sulit, 4 siswa pada kategori sulit, 7 siswa pada kategori cukup sulit, 1 siswa kategori kurang sulit, dan 1 siswa pada kategori tidak sulit dengan rata-rata pada kategori cukup sulit. Hasil analisis faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa diperoleh faktor internal pada kategori tidak sulit sedangkan faktor ekternal pada kategori kurang sulit. Hasil analisis kategori dengan indikator penyebab kesulitan belajar pada faktor internal diperoleh motivasi belajar tidak sulit, minat belajar kurang sulit dan perhatian belajar sulit. Faktor eksternal diperoleh sumber belajar tidak sulit, metode/strategi mengajar guru kurang sulit dan kondisi belajar kurang sulit. Oleh karena itu, faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran tentang bakteri disebabkan oleh kondisi belajar siswa, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kesulitan belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran tentang bakteri di kelas X SMA Muhammadiyah Mataram dikategorikan cukup sulit sedangkan faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar didominasi oleh faktor eksternal yang meliputi kondisi belajar.
Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are resistant to several kinds of antibiotics, so there is a need for natural antibiotics derived from plants, namely aloe vera. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of aloe vera leaf extract in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The type of research used was experimental using the disc diffusion method with a total of 25 samples with five concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% then the data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test. The result is that aloe vera extract can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, it is proven by the presence of a disc zone at 100% concentration with a diameter of 11.5 mm. The results of statistical analysis with the One Way ANOVA test, in a value of 0.000, meaning that there was a significant difference. The conclusion obtained is that aloe vera extract can slow down the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria but based on the standard value of sensitivity of an aloe vera extract bacteria with the highest concentration it cannot be used as an antibiotic because it is less than the standard value of 14 mm.
Thematic learning is being promoted where in one learning is interrelated. The purpose of this study is first, to find out how much students respond to the use of bilingual modules in thematic learning, and to find out how much thematic learning achievement using bilingual modules. This research was conducted at SDIT Widya Cendekia, Serang, Banten, using quantitative writers. The writers used a bilingual module on thematic learning therefore students were more interested and easier to learn. The activities of students who pay attention to the lessons explained by the teacher was still a few, therefore the subject matter delivered is poorly understood by students. Used of bilingual modules is one alternative that can be used thematic concepts it could be better understood by students. Learning media is used a bilingual module. In general students stated that they agreed to learn thematic using bilingual modules in class. This can be seen from the student response seen from the results of the questionnaire that as many as 77.1% of students gave a high response and 22.9% of students gave a low response. This means that bilingual modules are very effective in learning and their achievement.
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