Tambar ni hulit, which means skin medicine in the Simalungun language, is the title of an old manuscript belonging to the Simalungun tribe. This manuscript is written on laklak material containing medicine information for various diseases. Moreover, this manuscript is relatively rare and written in characters and language that are no longer commonly used. The purpose of this study is to inventory, describe, transliterate, and translate the interpretation of the Tambar Ni Hulit contents. Tambar Ni Hulit is one of the results in searching for old manuscripts in various places in North Sumatra, like museums, libraries, and private collections. The inventory, description, transliteration, and translation were carried out by applying the philological method and content analysis was done to review the content. The result of the inventory described the information of the storage location of Tambar Ni Hulit, namely the North Sumatra Museum. The description analysis described the physical state of the manuscript. From the transliteration and translation results, it is concluded that the Tambar Ni Hulit contains various disease information accompanied by the ingredients of their respective medicine and treatment methods with incantations during the treatment.
Background: Class I malocclusion can be treated with or without resort to extraction. However, despite the indications, a controversy is still ongoing as to whether one option is preferable to another. One of the most frequent controversies centers on whether treatment involving extractions will produce superior results than treatment not culminating in extraction. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the results of treating class I malocclusion with extractions and those without extraction using an ABO grading system. Methods: Comparing ABO scores in patients’ dental casts and radiographs with class I malocclusion with and without extraction. Observational research incorporating case control methods was conducted involving 40 patients with class I malocclusion. Samples were divided into two groups, one treated with extraction (group E) and the other without extraction as the control group (K). The results of the treatment were measured and assessed using eight variables of the ABO Grading System. Results: The total score for the group treated with extractions was 23.65±7.82, while that for group K was 26.50±7.02. There was no significant difference in the total score between the two groups. Nevertheless, class I malocclusion treated with extraction had a lower score than without extraction. Conclusions: There was no difference in the total score of the ABO grading system for class I malocclusion patients treated with and without extractions.
Abstract-Addition of reinforcing material to improve the mechanical properties of heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate is being developed. One of them is by adding nano-chitosan gel. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of nano-chitosan gel addition on the impact strength of heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate denture base resin. Thirty pieces sample of an acrylic plate in size of 50x10x4 mm were divided into 6 groups: with the addition of nano-chitosan gel at the concentration of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.50% and control group. About 2 ml of nano-chitosan gel was added into the mixture of acrylic resin with a P:L ratio (23gr:10ml). Then, the mixture was inserted into a mold and pressed. The curing process was performed at 74 o C for 120 minutes and then at 100 o C for 60 minutes. Acrylic plates were removed from the mold and polished. The impact strength of acrylic resin was measured with Charpy tester and data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The result showed that there was a significant difference in impact strength after the addition of nano-chitosan gel in different percentages. The addition of nano-chitosan gel with the concentration of 1.00% had the best impact strength which is 7.91 x 10 -3 J/mm 2 . In conclusion, the addition of nano-chitosan gel can be used to increase the impact strength of heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate denture base resin.
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