Alkali treatment of natural fibers is one of the chemical treatments used to increase the exposed cellulose content through the removal of hemicellulose and lignin on the fiber surface. This study aims to investigate the effect of alkali treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of lantung fibers. The materials used in this research consist of: lantung fiber (Artocarpus elasticus) with an alkali treatment process using 4% and 6% natrium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions and immersion time of 1 and 2 hours, at room temperature. The fiber neutralization process includes washing the fibers using fresh water and drying them at room temperature for 48 hours. Tests carried out include XRD test, SEM photo observations conducted at Balai Penelitian Teknologi Mineral, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia and fiber tensile test based on ASTM D 3379 standard. The results of XRD and fiber tensile test showed that alkali treated lantung fibers were effective in increasing the crystallization index (CI) value and fiber tensile strength. The highest CI values and fiber tensile strength were obtained at alkali treatment of 4% NaOH for 2 hours, respectively 85.42% and 228.5 MPa. The results of SEM photo observations showed that alkali treatment on the fiber surface could remove impurities based on the concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and soaking time. This shows that proper alkali treatment can increase the strength of lantung fibers.
Selain sebagai bahan bakar kompor gas, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar genset. Untuk kemudahan penyalaan genset yang menggunakan LPG, diperlukan campuran LPG dan udara yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni menganalisis pengaruh campuran LPG dan udara terhadap kemudahan penyalaan awal genset 4 langkah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen, yaitu menguji pengaruh variasi laju aliran gas LPG dan pengaruh variasi bukaan katup saluran udara. Laju aliran LPG yang digunakan yakni 2 L/min, 3 L/min, 4 L/min. Udara yang masuk keruang bakar divariasikan dengan pengaturan bukaan katup yakni katup terbuka penuh, terbuka setengah dan tertutup rapat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran yang paling tepat untuk kemudahan penyalaan awal genset yaitu pada variasi dengan laju aliran 3 L/min pada posisi katup ditutup rapat. Saat katup ditutup rapat sebenarnya masih terdapat celah lobang udara pada choke dengan diameter 6 mm standart bawaan karburator. Udara yang dihasilkan dari lubang ini ternyata cukup efektif saat dicampur LPG dengan laju aliran gas 3 L/min. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa genset LPG mudah dinyalakan jika campuran LPG dan udara tepat.
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