The study examined the level of technostress of teachers in secondary schools in Malaysia. The COVID-19 pandemic altered human life patterns, and the Movement Control Order restricted most community activities. Prior to the outbreak of COVID-19, the Ministry of Education had exposed teachers to online learning and encouraged them to use it. This study focused on five sub-variables of technostress, that is orientation towards the learning-teaching process, profession, technical issues, individual and social orientation. A total of 1,185 teachers from 13 states were selected as a study sample using a stratified sampling technique. Items for each variable were constructed, based on literature related to technostress and expert validation. Findings show that teachers’ technostress levels are high (M=3.670, SD=4.30), and the results of the t-test analysis show that there were no significant differences in technostress of secondary school teachers in Malaysia in terms of gender (t (1185)=1.762, p>0.05) and location (t (1185)=1.962, p>0.05). Understanding technostress and how technology affects individuals may help to reduce the potential physical and psychological harm that could be caused by technostress.
Organizations are increasingly under pressure to shift their production methods from traditional to sustainable, reinforcing the requirement to monitor their sustainability performance. The slow performance growth of Malaysian manufacturing companies remains a concern. The goal of this research is to highlighted the measurement used in the Malaysian SME context. Data were collected using survey method. A survey method was employed to collect a total of 1,071 responses in SME firms using proportional stratified sample technique. Using statistical packages for the social sciences (SPSS) version 27, this research focused on data validity and reliability. Findings of factor analysis confirmed 3 factors for the ICT adoption variable, were formed while 1 factor for the innovation variable, 4 factors for the competitiveness variable and 1 factor for the business performance. Only 2 items were dropped due to the weak loadings. Meanwhile the reliability analysis also indicates all the constructs and dimensions achieve good reliability value at more than 0.8. This research demonstrates the measurement validity and reliability of the research variables were inconsistent due to culture setting. This research highlighted the measurement used in the Malaysian SME context. The findings of this research withdraw a conclusion that the validity and reliability of item and construct of this research is proficient and consistent with the previous studies.
Family influence is one of the main factors in influencing a person's tendency to engage in entrepreneurship. This is because a family is someone who is closest to a person from childhood to adulthood. So they try to cultivate a person's interest and involvement to venture into entrepreneurship. This is seen to help the government in controlling the problem of unemployment because someone who is involved in entrepreneurship can indirectly create employment opportunities for others. The relationship between family influence and entrepreneurial tendencies remains unclear according to an extensive review of past and recent studies. The results of the study have shown that the relationship is still inconsistent and mixed. Therefore, this research article focuses on the relationship between family influence and entrepreneurial tendencies by proposing a conceptual framework.
Parental income is one of the factors that can influence a person's financial literacy. This is because one of the sources of income for students to live their lives is through financial resources from parents. Therefore, the finances obtained will determine how a person can manage their expenses. In addition, the reduction in parental income due to the Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in reduced students income. Despite the reduction in income among parents, students still spend beyond their capacity and are unable to manage their finances properly. This is because low levels of financial literacy cause a person to be unable to manage his finances properly. Good financial management can help student undergraduates to avoid financial stress and other financial difficulties. Realising the issues and importance of financial literacy in life, there is research done to identify the relationship between parental income and financial literacy. But the results obtained by previous researchers are mixed. Therefore, the study focused on introducing a framework of concepts related to the relationship between parental income and the financial literacy of students and students.
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