Poverty often impedes economic development in numerous countries, Indonesia included. Poverty, as a result of the failure of economic development, must continue to be suppressed and a solution sought, so that poverty no longer causes adverse effects for the country. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of unemployment, minimum wage, and real gross regional domestic product (GRDP) on poverty reduction in the provinces of Indonesia. Using periodic data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (Badan Pusat Statistik-BPS) over the period 2010-2019, the fixed effect model of the panel data analysis is estimated. The result showed that unemployment and wage had a significant positive effect on poverty in provinces of Indonesia. Meanwhile, the real GRDP had a significant negative effect on poverty in Indonesia. Thus, government policy must focus on reducing unemployment, maintaining price stability to preserve wage levels and purchasing power, and increasing the real GRDP to reduce poverty in Indonesia. Contribution/Originality: This study contributes to the existing literature in the field of human resource economics, particularly on the issue of poverty reduction. This study is one of the few studies that uses panel data and estimation using the fixed effect model on provinces in a country experiencing issues relating to poverty.

This study aims to analyze the effect of Number of Working People (Employment), Economic Growth Rate (EGR), and Investment on Human Development Index (HDI) in Indonesia, partially and simultaneously. This study used investments consisting of Domestic Investment (DI) and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). It used the method of analysis of panel data regression analysis with the data from thirty-three provinces in Indonesia from 2006 to 2013. The results indicate that the employment variables have positive and significant impact to HDI in Indonesia. It shows that EGR does not affect HDI in Indonesia. However, Domestic and foreign direct investments partially have positive and significant effect on HDI in Indonesia. Simultaneously, the variables employment, EGR, domestic and foreign direct investments have a significant effect on the HDI in Indonesia.

Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of economy development, Human Development Index, and Degree of Open Unemployment, in regards to the disparity of income in 6 provinces in the island of Java in the 2012-2015 period. Methods – This research uses data panel from 2012-2021 period in 6 provinces in Java. Findings – The result of this research shows that the variables of economic development doesn’t affect the disparity of income significantly. The Human Development Index (IPM) shows negative effect and significancy in regards to the disparity of income, while the Degree of Open unemployment variables affect positively and significantly towards the disparity of income. Implication – Improvement on working skills for job seekers, opening more job vacancy for employers, and regional government’s actions are needed in order to improve regional quality which in turn will decrease the disparity of income in various regions across Java. Originality – This research analyzes the factors that affect the disparity of income in various provinces in Java.   Abstrak Tujuan – Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM), dan Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan 6 Provinsi di Pulau Jawa dalam periode 2012-2021. Metode – Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel periode 2012 hingga 2021 pada 6 Provinsi di Pulau Jawa. Temuan – Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan. Variabel IPM menunjukkan pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan, sedangkan variabel TPT berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan. Implikasi – Diperlukan peningkatan keterampilan kerja bagi pencari kerja atau pengusaha agar dapat membuka lapangan kerja serta peran pemerintah daerah akan sangat penting dalam membentuk kualitas daerah yang pada akhirnya dapat menurunkan ketimpangan pendapatan di berbagai daerah di Pulau Jawa. Orisinalitas – Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhi ketimpangan pendapatan di provinsi yang ada di Pulau Jawa.

Small Medium Entreprises (SMEs

The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of employment, investment and the number of tourists towards GRDP in Yogyakarta. The data used in this research is a time series data for the period of 1999-2013. This research employed multiple regression and dynamic regression, namely partial adjustment model. The multiple regression estimation shows that employment has negative effect to GRDP, meanwhile the investment and the number of tourists have a positive relation towards dependent variable. Moreover, based on partial adjustment model, adjustment process also influences the output accumulation in Yogyakarta. Therefore, to develop the local economy, the government may invite more tourists as well as increase investment in Yogyakarta. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh jumlah orang bekerja, investasi dan jumlah wisatawan terhadap PDRB harga konstan di Yogyakarta. Data yang digunakan dalam analisis ini adalah data runtut waktu (time series) pada periode 1999-2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi berganda dan regresi dinamis model penyesuaian parsial. Hasilnya analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa jumlah orang bekerja berpengaruh signifikan dan negatif terhadap PDRB, sedangkan investasi dan jumlah wisatawan berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap PDRB. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan model penyesuaian parsial, terjadi proses penyesuaian yang tinggi pada akumulasi PDRB. Untuk meningkatkan perekonomian lokal, pemerintah daerah perlu mengundang wisatawan lebih banyak, dan juga meningkatkan investasi di Yogyakarta.