This study presents the assessment of selected water quality parameters (WQP) distribution at Putrajaya Lake during the dry and wet season using spatial analysis. The WQP used in this study were dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), total suspended solid (TSS), pH and temperature. Total thirteen water samples were obtained during both dry and wet seasons from May 2015 until March 2016 distributed throughout the areas. To explore the WQP distribution, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) was employed. The results have shown that mean values of WQ concentration during dry and wet season are varies accordingly. The highest value parameters of water quality during dry season which are COD (17.2 mg/L), DO (7.11 mg/L) and NH3N (0.94 mg/L). Meanwhile on the wet season, the highest values are recorded for BOD (5.27 mg/L), pH (7.62 mg/L) and TSS (18.4 mg/L) respectively. This has indicated that the concentration of WQP in the lake changed seasonally. Furthermore, among the WQPs; DO, TSS and COD have exhibited significant relationship between others for both seasons.
Land use and land cover change are one of the crucial climate change drivers in expanding cities. The land use conversion which alters physical and thermal properties of land surface has also affected the air quality of the urban atmosphere. The paper attempted to investigate how the land use land cover modification can be associated with climate and particle matter variation in Selangor for a decade (2007-2017). PM10 concentration, relative humidity, temperature and wind speed were interpolated using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) from six monitoring stations in Selangor and compared to chronological land use changes. The results showed that the land use conversion had induced the variation of particulate matter in the monitoring station located at urban and sub-urban areas. For a decade most land use/land cover had been converted from forest to vegetation areas in northern part and urbanization is expanding intensively to the western part of Selangor in year 2017. Both years have recorded high concentration for particulate matter in Kuala Selangor with concentration of 57.28 µg/m3 and 47.16 µg/m3 respectively. The concentration variation distribution is highly affected during monsoonal, where the stations are located is much significant to be affected by meteorological factor and modification of surrounding land use land cover.
In recent years, it has been observed that numerous cases of windstorm event. There are many factors that cause windstorms to occur. The factors of meteorology, urban morphology, the topography need to be studied to find out the cause of windstorms. The work analyzed meteorology factors such as: wind speed, humidity and temperature, occurring in 2017. Meteorological data from the Department of Environment Malaysia (DOE) station, allow determining the wind speed, humidity and temperature data daily in 2017. As well as, the pattern of parameter and their relationship between them being determined. The pattern of wind speed monthly was inconsistent. The highest average wind speed in 2017 was 4.72 m/s and the lowest average was 0.56 m/s. While humidity, the highest average was 83.12 % and the lowest average humidity was 72.33 %. For temperature, the maximum average for 2017 was 28.43 °C and the minimum average was 26.26 °C. The correlation of wind speed between humidity and temperature was -0.256 and 0.278, which is low correlate. That must be other active factors that influence the wind speed and contribute to the windstorm event. Wind speed, humidity and temperature during the windstorm event on 11 February 2017 was analyzed. During the windstorm event, the wind speed blows up to 15.7 m/s while the humidity reading decrease to 68.4 % and the temperature was 30.9 °C. When the wind speed reading is high, the temperature reading also increases and the humidity reading will go down and vice versa and has caused the windstorm event to happen.
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