Scabies is a skin disease caused by mite infestation and sensitization Sarcoptes scabiei variety hominis. Every student who live in dormitories boarding school has the same opportunities for the occurrence of scabies. Students and environmental characteristics of the rooms thought to contribute to the incidence of scabies. Tis study aims to determine what factors most influence on the incidence of scabies disease at boarding Qotrun Nada Cipayung Depok academic year 2015/2016. Tis research was observational analytic with cross sectional design. The subjects were 258 students of MTs and MA Boarding school of Qotrun Nada academic year 2015/2016. Data analysis was based on the incidence of disease scabies using Chi-square test (p < 0,05) and followed by multivariate logistic regression. Chi-Square test results showed that there was influence among knowledge, attitudes, student behavior, density of occupant, humidity, lighting, temperature, and room ventilation students with the incidence of scabies disease at boarding Qotrun Nada Cipayung, Depok. Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the most influences characteristics were student attitude and density of occupant.
Introduction: Procalcitonin is known as a marker of infection and indicator for severity of infections. In sepsis, elevated procalcitonin levels in blood have a significant value that can be used as a sepsis biomarker. The aim of this study was to determine the mean difference of procalcitonin levels in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial sepsis patients.Methods: This study used quantitative method with cross sectional approach. The sample of this study were bacterial sepsis patients of Indonesia Army Central Hospital Gatot Soebroto in 2016 which were divided into two groups: Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial sepsis patients with the number of each group was 30 samples. The data were analyzed by using independent t test.Results: This study showed that mean levels of procalcitonin in Gram-positive bacterial sepsis patients was 6.47 ng/ml and Gram-negative was 66.04 ng/ml. There was a significant difference between mean levels of procalcitonin in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial sepsis patients of Indonesia Army Central Hospital Gatot Soebroto in 2016 with p value = 0.000 (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The mean difference of procalcitonin levels in Gram-negative bacterial sepsis patients were higher than Gram-positive bacterial sepsis patients, because Gram-negative bacteria have lipopolysaccharide which is a strong immunostimulator and increases TNF-α production higher than Gram-positive bacteria.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) disease is one of the problems in healthcare facility. According to WHO criteria, thrombocyte and hematocrit are used as an indicator for the diagnosis of DHF. Hematocrit and thrombocyte examination will help and simplify therapy and diagnosis. The previous studies also stated that body mass index (BMI) has proven to influence the severity of DHF. The aimed is to determine the association between hematocrit, thrombocyte, body mass index and the severity of DHF among adult patients at Esnawan Antariksa Air Force Hospital from January to December 2018.. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study conducted at Esnawan Antariksa Air Force Hospital East Jakarta, with 68 samples of medical records which were selected for this study. The dependent variable was the severity of dengue hemorrhagic fever, while the independent variables were hematocrit, thrombocyte and body mass index. Result showed a significant level of hematocrit (p=0.000), thrombocyte (p=0.000) and BMI (p=0.245). Conclusion: There were associations between hematocrit, thrombocyte and the severity of DHF among adult patients but none between BMI and severity of DHF patients at Esnawan Antariksa Air Force Hospital. Majority of patients at Air Force Hospital had a normal BMI, which is with normal BMI people had a better immunity than those without.
Actinomycetes are filamentous, Gram-positive bacteria widely distributed in soil and can produce secondary metabolites useful as antibiotics. The synthesis of secondary metabolites of Actinomycetes is influenced by the growth conditions of each isolate, including the fermentation period. Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen causing lower respiratory tract infection. Objectives: To determined the inhibition activity of Actinomycetes with different fermentation periods against the growth of K.pneumoniae. Methods: Actinomycetes were isolated from soil in Kebun Raya Bogor and grown on Starch Casein Agar (SCA) medium before being fermented in liquid media consisting of 2% of mannitol, 2% of peptone, and 1% of glucose with an incubation time of 6,7, and 8 days. An antibacterial activity test was conducted on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) medium using the well diffusion method. Results: The activity of Actinomycetes isolates with fermentation duration of 6,7 and 8 were able to inhibit the growth of K. pneumoniae with an average inhibition zone of 4,46 mm; 4,94 mm; and 5,04 mm, respectively. Actinomycetes' inhibitory mechanism ranges from inhibition of cell wall synthesis to nucleic acid and protein synthesis. One Way ANOVA test showed significant differences between the inhibition zone produced by each fermentation group. Conclusion: Actinomycetes isolates have antibacterial activity against the growth of K. pneumoniae with the highest activity achieved by Actinomycetes with a fermentation time of 8 days.Keywords: Actinomycetes, antibacterial, fermentation, Klebsiella pneumoniae
Background: COVID-19 is a respiratory tract infection caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since its appearance at the end of 2019, COVID-19 cases have continued to increase and their spread has become more widespread. As an effort to prevent COVID-19, the government has socialized the use of masks as an effort to tackle the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia as a result of WHO recommendations. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards the behavior of using masks in the effort to prevent COVID-19 in the community of Gunung Putri District in 2020. Methods and Samples: This research is an analytical study with an observational design and using a cross sectional approach. The sample of this research is 95 respondents. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling with a research instrument, namely google form. Data were analyzed based on the chi-square test. Results: From this study, the bivariate test results obtained from the independent and dependent variables, namely the public attitude variable (p = 0.004) had a relationship with the behavior of using masks, while knowledge (p = 0.340) had no relationship with the behavior of wearing masks. Conclusion: The results of the bivariate analysis of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between attitudes and the behavior of using masks in the effort to prevent COVID-19 in the people of Gunung Putri District in 2020.
Background: Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) is a condition in which the membranes rupture before women’s delivery. The incidence of PROM in Indonesia is still quite high, around 4.5%-7.6% from all pregnancies. The incidence rate at DKI Jakarta in 2020 was 4.6% while at Pelni Hospital in the same year was 7.9%. The main cause of this incident was due to the occurrence of infection that spreads into the uterus and amniotic fluid as well as due to the inflammatory process. This causes arachidonic acid metabolism to be active so that the level of leucocytes in the blood being increase. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the incidence of PROM and leucocyte increasing levels at the Pelni Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Methods: The study had used analytic observational method with cross sectional approach. The number of samples were 97 people, done by simple random sampling technique, using Medical Records of respondents along year of 2020. Results: Data showed the aged range of respondents were 20-35 years (79.4%); multigravida (53,6%); PROM (76.3%); respondents with method of delivery which done by cesarean section (71.1%); and respondents with PROM who experienced the increasing of leucocyte levels (80.4%). Results based on Chi-square test showed there was a relationship between PROM and increased leucocyte levels (p=0.036). Conclusion: The relationship between PROM and the increasing of leucocyte levels to pregnant women at Pelni Hospital during COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 possibly caused by the presence of infections from ascending microorganisms.
Contact dermatitis is considered trivial for some people. There are many environmental factors could be the main factors causing contact dermatitis on salted-fish processor in Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan (PHPT) or Fishery Processing Area of Muara Angke such as water, temperature, fish, and humidity. These were due to the geographical location of the coastal determine the environmental factors which related to the contact dermatitis suspected on salted-fish processor in the PHPT Muara Angke area. The study was analytic observational with cross sectional design, with subjects were 112 samples. Results showed that 53,6% of salted-fish processor were suspected contact dermatitis. The suspected contact dermatitis increased by poor length of contact (OR= 9.42, 95% CI= 2.91 to 30.53, p=0,000), poor frequency of contact (OR= 4.70, 95% CI= 1.10 to 20.20, p=0,000), and bad temperature (OR= 3.74, 95% CI= 1.34 to 10.45, p=0,003). The length of contact can makes the lack of permeability of the skin, so the material of irritant can infiltrate properly. To prevent contact dermatitis the distribution of clean water must be comprehensive and do as the standards. The building of the processing room has to protect the worker from the heat temperature. Personal hygiene and personal protective must be increase to protect the worker from disease and to keep the quality of the product.
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