The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of several macroeconomic variables consisting of gross domestic products (GDP) per capita, economic openness, government effectiveness index, inflation, and the level of education on the corruption index in G20 member countries. This study focused on the effect of education on the level of corruption in the G20 member countries by treating other macroeconomic variables as control variables that were not analyzed in depth. This research used mixed methods with multiple regression with two stage least square (2SLS) estimation method followed by phenomenological analysis. This study found that primary education enrolment and the lifelong learning index did not significantly influence the level of corruption for all G20 member countries, developed member countries, and developing member countries. Secondary education enrolment showed a negative and significant influence on the level of corruption in all categories of countries (all members, developing, and developed countries). Tertiary education enrolment had a negative and significant influence on the level of corruption in all members and developing countries, but had a positive influence in the developed countries. GDP per capita had a contrasting influence: negative and significant influence in the developed countries, but positive and significant influence in the developing countries. Similar to secondary education, the government effectiveness index had a negative and significant influence in all categories of countries (all members, developing, and developed countries). In contrast, inflation and economic openness had a positive and significant influence on the level of corruption, but only in developing countries. The policy implication of this study is the prioritization of secondary education to tackle corruption problems.
Performance appraisal of employees is an important thing to do by government agencies and private companies. It is useful to see, monitor the level and quality of work given by an employee to his company in order to create a company that is able to achieve the goals of each company by starting to do evaluation of HR (Human Resources) because in the business and management world says that a great company is a company that is able to manage its human resources. In employee performance appraisal, each company has their own way and certainly different in the actual practice of employee performance appraisal activities must be done properly and fairly as possible to eliminate social gaps in the world of work and reduce the occurrence of errors in granting an assessment of the performance of each each company employee and the results obtained after employees are given an assessment of their performance are expected to grow and influence the level of loyalty given by employees to the company and foster high self-motivation for the progress of the company itself. In evaluating employee performance, there are several tools that can be used, one of which is a decision support system that will process some of the criteria set by the company using the Weighted Product (WP) method
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.