The ever-increasing use of social media in African countries is celebrated as it has provided people with more spaces for dialogue and individual expressions. Whereas such ever-increasing of the accessibility and use of social media spaces offers users with freedom and democratic paradigms to comment, opine and debate on social, economic and political agenda, it has also resulted to increasing forms of sexist hateful speech. In so doing social media spaces have also changed the nature of communication, as a result, sexists appear to locate their discriminative voices in the new online spaces unlike in the traditional outlets and mainstream forums. This form of sexist hate speech incites gendered stereotypes of whom women often receive the extremes of the malpractices because of prevalence of patriarchal social set ups in most African societies. In most cases in Africa, sexist hate speech will be used as a weapon of gender-based violence means to bully women into silence and to maintain men's privileges. By using Content Analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis approaches, this study analyzed the linguistic clues of the sexist hate speech in Facebook and Instagram social networks. On the basis of selected open accounts of Tanzanian public figures and celebrities, this study particularly observed and interrogated on how language of the users embeds ideological and social construct in order to perpetuate and exacerbate gender inequality. The study partly examined sexist hate speech in the selected Russian social media to comparatively study how sexism is construed and perceived in the community.
Political language is a necessary tool of politics and power, which not only reflects reality, but also shapes it through information impact. Any multinational and multilingual state inevitably encounters the problem of regulating the linguistic life of the country. After the formation of the Soviet Union (1922), one of the important missions among national political tasks was occupied by the duty of setting up of national language. The national question was a very important problem in the first socialist state, since the Soviet Union was a multiethnic country. The differences in the territorial and natural conditions of the Caucasus, Central Asia, the Baltic, Siberia and the different historical destinies of the population of these territories presented great difficulties for the development of a unified plan for the progress of the culture of these nations and nationalities. The analytical article examines the main trends and features of the national language policy of the Soviet Union in the 1920s-1930s. A conclusion is made about the priority development of the Russian language, its role in the formation and shaping of the Soviet people as a qualitatively new historical community. The specifics of the interaction of the Russian language and the languages of the peoples of the Soviet Union in the pre-war period were analyzed.
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