Objective: To determine the frequency and factors contributing to post-partum urinary retention (PPUR) after vaginal delivery. Study Design: Observational study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gambat Institute of Medical Sciences Gambat, Khairpur Sindh. Period: 1st November 2018 to 30th June 2019. Material & Methods: Out of 114 patients delivered vaginaly at Gambat Institute of Medical Sciences Gambat, Khairpur Sindh, postnatal patients who do not urinate within 6 hours after normal viginal delivery, label as a case of PPUR following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Frequency of postpartum urinary retention (PPUR) after vaginal delivery was observed in 6.14% (7/114). Significant risk Factors contributing to post-partum urinary retention (PPUR) were Prolong labor and epidural analgesia. Conclusion: We concluded that statistically significant risk factors for postpartum urinary retention were epidural analgesia and prolong labor. So attention to bladder care during labor and vigilance in the early detection.
Objective: To estimate the frequency of abnormal cervical cytology detected by Pap smear. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Gambat Institute of Medical Sciences Gambat, Khairpur Sindh. Period: November 2018 to June 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 160 women with the complaint of heavy vaginal discharge and moderate to servere lowere abdominal pain more than 6 weeks were included in this study. Per speculum examination of cervix was carried out with the help of cuscos speculum before PAP smear and finding were noted, After labeling the sample was sent to histopathology for cytological examination. Results: The average age of the patient’s was 37.68±7.46 years. Percentage of normal smears 10%, advance disease 1.3% and percentage of inflammatory smear is 63.8% while frequency of abnormal cervical cytology was observed in 25% in which CIN-1 was 12.5%, CIN-2 was 11.3% and CIN-3 was 1.3%. Conclusion: Our population have large numbers of undiagnosed cervical diseases. Therefore, Pap smear testing should be widely used throughout Pakistan to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.
Objectives: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of color Doppler ultrasound in antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta taking histopathology as gold standard. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gambat Institute of Medical Sciences Gambat, Khairpur Sindh. Period: 1st December 2018 to 30th June 2019. Material & Methods: Women aged 20-45 years with previous history of placenta accrete and uterine scar were selected for the study. Informed consent was taken from women with placenta Previa and previous scar to undergo Doppler ultrasound. Results: A total of 115 patients participated in this study during one year time period. The mean age of e participants was found to be 33.71±5.61 years. The mean gestational age was 35.24±2.7weeks. Out of total 115 cases, previous cesarean section was found in 48 (41.7%) cases and previous history of placenta accreta was found in 9 (7.8%) cases. Sensitivity of Color Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of placenta accreta was 85.7% and specificity 96.6%. Conclusion: There has always been a debate about the use of different modalities in detection of placenta accreta and its surgical management. Our study shows high sensitivity and specificity of color Doppler ultrasound in detection of placenta accreta. Large scale studies must be carried out on government level comparing the results of color Doppler and MRI and their outcomes.
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