Background: This study aimed to develop an Urdu version of Child-Oral Impact on Daily Performance (C-OIDP) and assess its reliability and validity for children’s oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) assessment in Pakistan. Methods: A total of 200 school-going children aged 11–14 were recruited from two public schools. For the adaptation process, the original English version of C-OIDP was translated into Urdu, reviewed by an expert committee, back-translated into Urdu, and then reviewed again by the same expert committee and pilot tested on 10 children. A clinical examination was carried out to record dental and gingival status followed by a face-to-face interview to measure oral health-related quality of life in children using C-OIDP-U. Reliability, internal consistency, construct and discriminant validity were assessed. Results: The Cronbach’s alpha for C-OIDP-U was 0.69, the mean C-OIDP-U score was 10.2 ± 8.1 and 77.3% of the children reported at least one oral impact. Eating (40.3%) and difficulty in cleaning mouth (38.7%) were the two most impacted daily performances. For construct validity, the associations were significant between the C-OIDP-U score and all subjective oral health measures (p < 0.001). For discriminant validity, a significant association was observed between the C-OIDP-U score and clinical oral variables, children with DMFT + dmft ≥ 1, Gingival index > 1 and having malocclusion reported a higher C-OIDP-U score when compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: This study showed that C-OIDP is a valid, reliable and efficient instrument of OHRQoL for use in Pakistani children.
To identify the susceptibility pattern of Fosfomycin in various clinical isolates by estimating the frequency in terms of percentages. A convenient sampling technique was adopted for study proceedings. Total 748(n) specimens for culture and sensitivity were received in the microbiology section of pathology department. Out of these 748(n) specimens, positive cultures were seen in 144(n). For culture and sensitivity proceedings, the recommended CLSI -2014 (clinical and laboratory standard institute) guidelines were followed. The bacterial isolation was done by biochemical tests. The zone diameter of >16 mm for 50µgm fosfomycin disc was considered as sensitive zone. While <15-12mm was considered as intermittent one and <12mm was the resistant zone. Data was recorded and analyzed by using SPSS version 20 for statistical inference. For numerical variables frequencies were calculated in terms of percentages. Seventy six 76.06% (n=143) gram negative and 68.42 % (n=13) gram positive organisms were sensitive to Fosfomycin. The efficacy of fosfomycin is more for gram negative (76%) as compared to gram positive organisms (68%).
In dental practice, discovery of a foreign body entrapment within the root canal is not uncommon. The foreign object may have been accidently lodged due to traumatic injuries, iatrogenically during treatment or it may be a self-inflicted injury. The patient usually reports only when he/she experiences pain with foreign object discoverable on radiographic examination. In this report, a 20-year-old female was diagnosed with a stapler pin lodged in a permanent maxillary central incisor canal along with self cure acrylic. KEYWORDS: Apexification, Mineral trioxide aggregate, Stapler pin
The role of systemic antibiotics in root canal treatment (RCT) always remained controversial.To exactly identify the state of affairs, regarding whether or not the usage of systemic antibiotics in RCT, the current meta analysis was carried out. To identify the frequency of 66.6%(n=08) studies from 1987 till 2011, were not in favour of using systemic antibiotics as a part of RCT. While 33.3% (n=04) preferred using systemic antibiotics for RCT. Regarding the local antibiotic preference, 33.3% (n=04) studies were in favour of using a combination of triple antibiotic paste comprising of metronidazole, minocycline and ciprofloxacin. There is no role of systemic/local antibiotics in endodontic management. However, the use of antibiotics is only recommended if deemed necessary by viewing the premorbid of patient.
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