Most tumor cell membranes overexpress L-type amino acid transporter 1, while normal cell membranes contain L-type amino acid transporter 2; both are Na + -independent amino acid transporters. Therefore, compounds that selectively inhibit L-type amino acid transporter 1 offer researchers with a novel cancer molecular target. Synthetic chemistry efforts and in vitro screening have produced a variety of novel compounds possessing high in vitro L-type amino acid transporter 1 selectivity; KYT-0353 was one such compound. The present studies illustrate that KYT-0353 inhibited 14 C-leucine uptake and cell growth in human colon cancer-derived HT-29 cells; IC 50 s were 0.06 lM and 4.1 lM, respectively. KYT-0353 also inhibited 14 C-leucine uptake in mouse renal proximal tubule cells expressing L-type amino acid transporter 1, and inhibited cell growth; IC 50 s were 0.14 lM and 16.4 lM, respectively. Compared to control animals, intravenously administered KYT-0353 (12.5 mg/kg and 25.0 mg/kg) showed statistically significant growth inhibition against HT-29 tumors transplanted to nude mice with maximal inhibition ratios of 65.9% and 77.2%, respectively. Body weight increase with time -a safety indicator -was slightly depressed at 12.5 mg/kg and 25.0 mg/kg with maximal ratios of 3.7% (day 2) and 6.3% (day 11), respectively. Thus, KYT-0353 showed significant growth inhibitory effects on HT-29 cells both in vitro and in vivo, whereas it only caused a slight body weight depression. Therefore, KYT-0353 appears to have potential as a novel antitumor agent, presumably via selective in vivo L-type amino acid transporter 1 inhibition. (Cancer Sci 2010; 101: 173-179)

current and interpixel cross-talk on MIS devices without guard rings. However, the positive fixed charge is too large for MCT diode junction device passivation. Field plates would be required on diode devices with this passivation for surface potential control at the junction.These preliminary device data taken as a whole indicate the promise of ZnTe as a passivation candidate for MCT although further work and optimization would be required to translate these findings to routine applicability.

Stress has been measured in Al-Sc layers with different Sc compositions. Stress at room temperature after sintering at 450°C decreases with the increase of Sc concentration and reaches 62 MPa at Sc concentration of 0.3%. This stress level is much lower than of 327 MPa in the Al-1%Si-0.5%Cu layer. The mean time of failure is 6.3×106 h in an Al-0.15%Sc layer. This time is seven times longer than that in the Al-1%Si-0.5%Cu layer. Therefore, Al-Sc is a promising prospect as an interconnection layer for quarter-micron devices.

Deposition and Properties of Reactively Sputtered Ruthenium Dioxide Films.-Thin stoichiometric RuO2 films, useful as diffusion barrier layers, are deposited onto Si wafers by reactive sputtering of Ru at 1.0 kW and 12 mtorr in O2/Ar at an oxygen partial pressure (P(O2)) above 4.8 mtorr or at lower P(O2) by sputtering at lower power or higher pressure. The grain size of the film increases with increasing pressure and P(O2) By annealing of stoichiometric RuO2 films (101) RuO2 grains are grown, whereas annealing of films in H2 deposited at lower P(O2) leads to a thin RuO2 surface layer where the oxygen results from the Ru/Si interface and grain boundary. The resistivity of the RuO2 film decreases with increasing annealing temp.; at 900 . degree.C, a resistivity of 63.5 ω-cm is attained. -(SAKIYAMA, K.; ONISHI, S.; ISHIHARA, K.; ORITA, K.; KAJIYAMA, T.; HOSODA, N.; HARA, T.; J.

A total of 201 Escherichia coli strains isolated from diseased animals (calf, 119 strains; pig, 82 strains) from 1984 to 1987 were examined for drug resistance and prevalence of R plasmids. In calf strains, percent resistances to each drug were as follows: tetracyclin (TC), 59.7%; chloramphenicol (CP), 21.0%; streptomycin (SM), 52.9%; sulfadimethoxine (SA), 37.8%; kanamycin (KM), 45.4%; aminobenzyl penicillin (ABPC), 43.7%; and nalidixic acid (NA), 28.6%. In pig strains, percent resistances to each drug were as follows: TC, 98.8%; CP, 20.7%; SM, 63.4%; SA, 80.5%; KM, 67.1%; ABPC, 41.5%; NA, 2.4%; and trimethoprime (TMP), 6.1%. Of the 164 drug resistant E. coli strains (82 calf strains, 82 pig strains) examined, 88 (53.7%) were found to carry R plasmids, capable of performing a conjugal transfer.J.