First Records of Some Species of Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) North of the Ore‐Mountains in Saxony
Faunistic and ecological notes about eight species and subspecies, respectively, of earthworms are presented. Statements on six of these taxa are made for localities beyond the boundaries of their known geographical range.
The objective of this paper is to relate species occurrences of the earthworm genus Proctodrilus to soil properties, in particular the horizons and layers in the soil profile. Data on the occurrence in the soil profile of the earthworm species Proctodrilus antipai (Michaelsen, 1891), P. opisthoductus Zicsi, 1985, P. thaleri Höser & Zicsi 2009, and P. tuberculatus (Černosvitov, 1935) were collected in central Germany, northern Bohemia, Hungary, and Romania. Species of Proctodrilus were collected from 138 sites in total, P. antipai from 48, P. opisthoductus from 24, P. thaleri from 4, and P. tuberculatus from 97 sites. The field data show that species inhabiting the same site do not form communities but rather inhabit different soil layers. Furthermore, species of Proctodrilus prefer to live close to the boundaries between layers, a feature that can be regarded as a taxonomic characteristic of the genus and that is probably connected with their enteronephric excretory system. The habitats of the different species differ in the degree of soil leaching. P. thaleri and P. opisthoductus are restricted to the region of recent lessivage in warm-humid parts of Europe. Occurrence of the four Proctodrilus species is therefore not related to soil type but rather to soil stratification and soil leaching. Differences in the ecological behaviour of the species can be understood as taxonomic characters.
Das untersuchte Geblet umfaBt mehr als 300 km2 Flache und liegt im Hohenberelch zwischen 150 und 300m O.NN im LoBgOrtel. In den unteren Bereichen mlt durchschnlttlich 560 mm Jahresniederschlag (Jahrestemperatur 8,6°C) herrschen LOB-Parabraunerden vor. Mit zunehmender Hohenlage steigen die Niederschlage auf etwa 700 mm an und LoB-Staugleye treten auf. Die Vorkommen der Wespenspinne wurden durch den Nachweis ihrer Kokons erfaBt. Es wurden insgesamt 171 Fundpunkte ermittelt und kartiert. Sle lagen Im allgemeinen mindestens 100 m voneinander entfemt. Die Zahl der Kokons pro Standort variierte von einigen wenigen bis mehr als 100. Die Gelandeuntersuchungen fUhrten zu der Vermutung, daB die Wespensplnne an den Hangen der Bachtaler ins LOBhOgelland eingedrungen seln durfte. Die hOchsten Fundpunkte lagen bel 220 m u.NN. Oberwlegend ackerbaulich genutzte Hochflachen und Hohenrucken (Riedel> besledelte die Wespenspinne nlcht. Dlese ''VerbreitungslQcken" decken sich in der Regel mit dem Vorkommen von Staugley-Boden (z.B. Berelch um die Eschefelder Teiche).Von den 171 Fundpunkten befanden sich 112 an Hangen und Boschungen und 22 an weniger geneigten Standorten. Die restlichen 37 Vorkommen lagen auf ebener Flache, jedoch nlcht In Senken und
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