Chemical manufacture is a significant value-added industry in both local and global economies. Along with highly relevant issues such as unsustainable process design, energy consumption, and waste generation linked with the sector, societal issues relating to chemical product health and safety are part of the greater sustainability concerns. There is a need to design a sustainable strategy while ensuring economic stability at the corporate level. Hence, this paper presents a methodological proposal of integrated modelling approach for sustainable chemical process design at early design process. The step of achieving this objective is separated into several parts. The first step is to classify parameters from established tools as a benchmark for sustainability metrics. The next step is to transform quantification value of triple bottom line impact (economic, environment and social) to normalized weightage by using Multi Criteria Analysis. The final stage is to develop alternative in terms of technical optimization of process design. The implementation multimodal Multi Criteria Analysis and optimized process design exhibits significant improvements in sustainability impacts according to the waste reduction (WAR) algorithm.
The sustainability weighting is crucial as it is practically implemented into sustainability evaluation, especially in industrial development. Sustainability is about the interconnection between three aspects of sustainability impact such as economic impact, environmental impact, and social impact. Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) model play important roles to measure the weighting for each impact according to the scenario and criteria selected based on scientific rules and robust statistical methods. However, there were insufficient studies on the existing literature sustainability weighting model from MCA method for the ethanol plant. Hence, the present paper demonstrates a systematic literature review of MCA model methods on sustainability weighting for the ethanol plant. There are two steps involved in systematic literature reviews: formulation of the research question and systematic searching strategies consisting of identification, screening, eligibility, quality appraisal, data abstraction and analysis. The review is based on leading databases; Scopus – ScienceDirect, Springer, Taylor and Francis, and one supporting database – Google Scholar. From the review, the preferable MCA weighting model for sustainability evaluation of ethanol plants is ‘integrated Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)’ rather than ‘standalone AHP’. The paper offered a significant contribution to the body of knowledge and sustainability evaluation purposes.
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