The Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) is a very high frequency Doppler radar operated with an active phased‐array antenna system at 47 MHz. It is located at the equator in Kototabang, West Sumatra, Indonesia (0.20°S, 100.32°E) and was established with a single receiving channel. Here, we present the development of a multichannel receiver system for EAR using a combination of the Universal Software Radio Peripheral X300 (USRP X300) series and GNU Radio software. Two USRP X300 devices, corresponding to four receiving channels, were synchronized using 10‐MHz reference clocks and a one‐pulse per second signal. Received signals were collected by the existing EAR antennas, fed to the USRPs for digital conversion, and then stored on a hard disk drive. Signal postprocessing was carried out to estimate wind velocity profiles. Wind profiles estimated using full correlation analysis indicate that the spaced antenna method from multichannel receivers agrees well with EAR standard observational data.
Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) is a very high frequency (VHF) Doppler radar with an active phased array antenna system operating at 47 MHz. It had originally been equipped with a single receiving channel system since its establishment in 2001 at the equator in Kototabang, West Sumatra, Indonesia (0.20 • S, 100.32 • E). Recent progress has enabled the implementation of a spaced antenna (SA) method on the EAR through the development of a multichannel receiver using Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) and GNU Radio. However, this approach exhibits limited height observation and horizontal wind estimation accuracy. Here, we present comparison and analysis of EAR SA performance with five different orientations, taking into consideration the size of the receiving antennas and their separation distance. Experiments with the chosen configurations were carried out between April and September 2019, and the horizontal wind profiles were estimated using full correlation analysis (FCA) and compared with the EAR standard data. In addition, FCA with the least squares method is carried out for all configurations with the aim of improving the estimation accuracy. Based on the results, the configuration with the largest aperture shows a clear advantage over the other four configurations but with limited improvement in terms of maximum observable height.
This letter presents a new model for the prediction\ud of the 1-min integrated complementary cumulative distribution\ud function (CCDF) of the rain rate, P(R)1, valid for tropical and\ud equatorial regions (specifically, latitudes ranging from 35°S to\ud 35°N). The proposed model inherits its analytical formulation\ud from the method currently recommended by the International\ud Telecommunication Union—Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R)\ud for global P(R)1 prediction (Annex 1 of recommendation\ud P.837-6), but it relies on Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission\ud (TRMM) data, in place of the ERA40 database, for the extraction\ud of the required local meteorological inputs. With respect to the\ud ITU-R model, the proposed model requires a lower number of\ud inputs (two instead of three) and, in addition, it shows a better\ud P(R)1 prediction performance when tested against the experimental\ud P(R)1 curves (tropical/equatorial sites) included in the\ud global DBSG3 database of ITU-R
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