No abstract

BackgroundIn Iran, traffic accidents and deaths from traffic accidents are among the highest in the world, and generally, driver behavior rather than technical failures or environmental conditions are responsible for traffic accidents. In a previous study, we showed that among young Iranian male traffic offenders, poor mental health status, along with aggression, predicted poor driving behavior. The aims of the present study were twofold, to determine whether this pattern could be replicated among non-traffic offenders, and to compare the mental health status, aggression, and driving behavior of male traffic offenders and non-offenders.MethodsA total of 850 male drivers (mean age =34.25 years, standard deviation =10.44) from Kermanshah (Iran) took part in the study. Of these, 443 were offenders (52.1%) and 407 (47.9%) were non-offenders with lowest driving penalty scores applying for attaining an international driving license. Participants completed a questionnaire booklet covering socio-demographic variables, traits of aggression, health status, and driving behavior.ResultsCompared to non-offenders, offenders reported higher aggression, poorer mental health status, and worse driving behavior. Among non-offenders, multiple regression indicated that poor health status, but not aggression, independently predicted poor driving behavior.ConclusionCompared to non-offenders, offenders reported higher aggression, poorer health status and driving behavior. Further, the predictive power of poorer mental health status, but not aggression, for driving behavior was replicated for male non-offenders.

BackgroundIn Iran, traffic accidents and deaths from traffic accidents are among the highest in the world, and generally driver behavior rather than either technical failures or environmental conditions are responsible for traffic accidents. In the present study, we explored the extent to which aggressive traits, health status, and sociodemographic variables explain driving behavior among Iranian male traffic offenders.MethodA total of 443 male driving offenders (mean age: M =31.40 years, standard deviation =9.56) from Kermanshah (Iran) took part in the study. Participants completed a questionnaire booklet covering sociodemographic variables, traits of aggression, health status, and driving behavior.ResultsPoor health status, such as symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and social dysfunction, and also higher levels of trait aggression explained poor driving behavior. Multiple regressions indicated that poor health status, but not aggression, independently predicted poor driving behavior.ConclusionResults suggest that health status concerns are associated with poor driving behavior. Prevention and intervention might therefore focus on drivers reporting poor mental health status.

Background: The prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) has been reported to increase in recent decades. Therefore, scientific studies should be performed to specify psychological variables, which may contribute to the etiology of this disorder. In this study, we examined the role of body image and perfectionism in predicting BDD symptoms among students. Objective: The aim of this survey was to investigate the role of body image and perfectionism in the prediction of BDD symptoms. Methods: This cross sectional study was performed in 2016 on a sample, including 351 students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, who were selected based on the Morgan formula and multistage cluster random sampling. The participants completed the Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale modified for BDD (BDD-YBOCS), multidimensional body-self relations questionnaire (MB-SRQ), and Besharat's Tehran multidimensional perfectionism scale (TMPS). The collected data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation test and stepwise regression analysis. Results and Conclusions:The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that perfectionism and body image could significantly predict BDD symptoms (P < 0.001). Therefore, these variables can be important in the promotion of students' health.

No abstract

No abstract

Education system is efficient and successful when the academic achievement of students in different periods shows highest and lowest numbers. Smart schools are an environment that has the potential necessary to accomplish this goal. However, academic performance is affected by many variables. The aim of this study was investigating the mediating role of learning strategies (cognitive and metacognitive) between emotional intelligence and academic performance among students of smart and ordinary school. The study in term of method is predictive-correlational. The population in this study consisted of all high school students in Tehran using multi-stage cluster sampling 583 students were selected as sample. The results showed that the direct and indirect effect of emotional intelligence and achievement motivation on students 'academic performance is significant. The direct and indirect effect of emotional intelligence and achievement motivation on students' academic performance in smart schools is significantly higher than its impact on the academic performance of students in ordinary schools. The role of smart schools in important variables such as emotional intelligence, achievement motivation and academic performance makes the role of smart schools brighter and stronger. Using and applying smart and updated technology, on the one hand, improve the teaching-learning in teachers and students, the teachers and students to use the World Wide Web can upgrade their academic level and the development of the country. The results indicate the usefulness to policymakers in the field of education.

Introduction: Internet addiction is a type of impulse control disorder that refers to excessive use of the internet and can affect other social activities.