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This paper discusses prophetic leadership in Islamic educational institutions of Pondok Pesantren Islamic University of Indonesia (PP UII)

ABSTRAKDunaliella salina merupakan kelompok alga hijau yang menghasilkan pigmen (klorofil, karotenoid, β-karoten). Klorofil dan karotenoid dapat digunakan sebagai zat pewarna aditif, antioksidan, antikanker, anti-aging, dan Immunomostimulan. Faktor lingkungan yang diduga mempengaruhi pertumbuhan sel dan kandungan pigmen D. salina adalah salinitas. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya penelitian mengenai pengaruh salinitas terhadap kandungan pigmen (klorofil a, b dan karotenoid), biomassa dan pertumbuhan sel pada D. salina. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen laboratoris di Laboratorium Prodi Budidaya Perairan UNISNU -Jepara. Perlakuan perbedaan salinitas (hiposalin dan hipersalin) memberikan pengaruh secara signifikan (p < 0,05) terhadap pola pertumbuhan D. salina. Secara berurutan salinitas 20 ppt memiliki puncak pertumbuhan pada hari ke 10 dengan kepadatan 603 x 10 4 sel/ml, salinitas 25 ppt pada hari ke 10 sebesar 1081 x 10 4 sel/ml, salinitas 30 ppt hari ke 11 sebesar 1160 x 10 4 sel/ml, salinitas 35 ppt hari ke 11 sebesar 675 x 10 4 sel/ml, dan salinitas 40 ppt pada hari ke 12 sebesar 857 x 10 4 sel/ml. Berdasarkan data laju pertumbuhan menunjukkan nilai tertinggi pada salinitas 30 ppt (p < 0,05) yaitu 0,163 d jam -1 . Berdasarkan data konsentrasi pigmen menunjukkan salinitas 30 ppt memiliki nilai tertinggi (p < 0,05) yaitu klorofil a sebesar 10,961 c mg/l, klorofil b sebesar 3,636 b mg/ml, dan karotenoid sebesar 4,954 c mg/l.

Artikel ini ditulis untuk mengkaji isu penipuan tanah yang berlaku dalam urus niaga tanah di Malaysia. Pelbagai modus operandi telah dilakukan oleh penjenayah untuk melakukan penipuan. Dengan modus operandi ini, pihak pejabat tanah telah berjaya diperdaya sehingga menyebabkan berlakunya penipuan dalam urus niaga tanah. Perkara ini telah menimbulkan rasa kebimbangan kepada orang awam tentang jaminan ketuanpunyaan yang merupakan bukti muktamad pemilikan terhadap tanah apabila pendaftaran dilakukan dan juga pemilikan tanah yang ditadbir menurut perundangan Kanun Tanah Negara (KTN). Kajian yang dilakukan berdasarkan kaedah analisis kes yang telah diputuskan oleh mahkamah. Hasil kajian mendapati pelbagai modus operandi (MO) telah dilakukan oleh penipu dan pelbagai faktor yang mendorong perbuatan penipuan ini. Penulisan ini turut mengutarakan beberapa cadangan penambahbaikan bagi mengekang cubaan penipuan dalam urus niaga tanah.

In this study, many samples have been synthesized by using solution casting technique with different additive content of Chromium oxide nanoparticle (Cr2O3NPs), poly vinylalcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The UV-Vis. spectrophotometer used to record the absorbance spectrum in the range of (200-800) nm. The absorption of UV waves is improved while the transmittance is reduced when Cr2O3 NPs were added to the polymeric system which are useful for a number of applications including low-cost UV protection and solar radiation shield. When Cr2O3 NPs concentrations increased, the optical energy gap for indirect transition (allowed and forbidden) was decreased. Furthermore, all the optical constant has been improved.

The gig economy model has had a significant impact on global economic growth. Through contracts for services, job seekers or gig workers will have opportunities to work in many sectors with limited advantages and benefits. This gig economy model has posed challenges to employment and industrial relations due to the gig workers' status as independent contractors. In the absence of trade unions to speak on their behalf, the service providers may neglect and manipulate their rights and interests. This paper aims to explore the alternative body to protect the interest of the gig workers and to be the main stakeholders in the gig economy. This article uses doctrinal legal research to analyse the best platform for gig workers to unionise. This article analysed legal documents, namely legal provisions from various legislations and case law using the content analysis approach, and thereafter proposed the best legal structure to protect gig workers' rights to unionise. This article found that the registered society structured under the Societies Act 1966 is the most suitable platform which can play an important role similar to trade unions in its functions to represent gig workers' interest in Malaysia.

Digital funding platforms have been contemporaneously developed and utilised as a medium to enable businesses and companies to seek funds and to raise capital for any kind of commercial purposes, at any time or place. Such technology allows the service providers to invite the public to participate in generating funds for the businesses and companies in need. Through this mechanism, it is factual that funds are contributed by the public, while the law clearly provides the restriction of the public to invest or deposit or hold equity in private companies. Allowing the public to directly invest in private companies would be considered as illegal considering the legal restriction imposed on the private companies under the statute. Therefore, this article aims to study the legality of venturing this public money into the business investment of private companies. The focus of this study is the governing law in Malaysia in respect of the legality of funding private companies through online social lending namely peer-to-peer lending (P2P lending). This study is conducted by way of contents analysis of various provisions of relevant legislations. The outcomes of this study show that digital social lending such as P2P lending, has grown and been accepted by various natures of enterprises and private companies in order to start-up their business operation in Malaysia, as it compliments the limitation for private companies to invite the public to venture into their business.

The members own the company by virtue of their shareholding and the directors manage and exercise control over the company’s affairs through the company’s board meeting. Despite segregation of powers and roles between the members and directors, there has been an inclination on the part of the members to participate to a greater extent in the company’s affairs. This paper aims to establish the legal position as between the directors and members that reflect the separation of control and ownership in the company under the common law and the Malaysian law. The method used in this study is the content analysis of the reported Malaysian and international law cases as well as the statutory provisions in order to examine the legal position established under the common law, the previous Companies Act 1965 and the newly introduced Companies Act 2016. The study reveals that the separation between the two has long been recognized and upheld by the common law as well as the Malaysian Acts. The introduction of section 195 of the Companies Act 2016, however, allows members to raise their voice in relation to matters which are within the powers of directors, hence the separation becomes slightly vague. In the absence of the latest judicial decisions to test the application of section 195, further review on its application may be required in order to determine methods to measure if a members’ recommendation is truly made in the best interests of the company.