<p>Pengujian interaksi antara genotip dengan lingkungan (GxE) serta analisis stabilitas hasil suatu genotip merupakan tahap penting dalam program pemuliaan tanaman untuk mendapatkan calon varietas unggul baru. Penelitian bertujuan menguji stabilitas dan adaptasi empat genotip pepaya dan satu pembanding. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga lokasi yaitu, KP. Sumani, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika, Lubuk Alung, Sumatera Barat, dan KP. Subang, Jawa Barat, mulai Bulan Maret sampai Desember 2010 menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok. Perlakuan terdiri atas lima genotip pepaya, yaitu Merah Delima, BT-2, Carmina, Carmida, dan California dengan enam ulangan. Peubah yang diamati ialah persentase tanaman sempurna dan betina, tinggi bunga pertama, ruas letak bunga pertama, tinggi buah pertama, bobot buah, jumlah buah/pohon, produksi buah/pohon, dan padatan terlarut total (PTT) (oBrix). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase tanaman berbunga sempurna dan berbunga betina pada genotip Merah Delima, BT-2, Carmina, dan Carmida mempunyai nilai koefisien regresi (βi)<1, berarti tahan terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Pengujian terhadap tinggi bunga pertama dan ruas letak bunga pertama memperlihatkan bahwa BT-2 dan California mempunyai koefisien regresi (βi)<1 (tidak responsif terhadap perubahan lingkungan). Interaksi varietas (genotip) dengan lokasi (lingkungan) terjadi pada karakter persentase tanaman berbunga sempurna, persentase tanaman berbunga betina, ruas letak bunga pertama, tinggi bunga pertama, bobot buah, produksi/pohon, dan PTT. Produksi buah/pohon Merah Delima dan Carmida mempunyai nilai koefisien regresi (βi) = 1 dan genotip memiliki rerata hasil di atas rerata umum yang berarti genotip tersebut beradaptasi baik terhadap semua lingkungan. Kedua genotip tersebut sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan di beberapa lingkungan karena beradaptasi baik pada tiga kondisi lingkungan dengan hasil di atas rerata. Oleh karena itu dapat direkomendasikan menjadi VUB yang dapat dikembangkan di lahan petani.</p>
Germination problems in the commerce in general are the seeds will experience a period save on condition of sub optium.The seeds that have high viability and vigor which is expected to be passed on to seed derivatives that are genetically seed quality can be maintained. The study aims to determine the diversity of physiological seed quality of 20 genotypes of papaya collection Tropical Fruit Research Institute. Research conducted at the KP Sumani Balitbu Tropika 2015. Materials: 20 genotype papaya seeds. Research using a randomized block design with three replications treatment of 20 genotypes of papaya. Results of the study showed germination of 20 genotypes of papaya tested ranged from 33-93%, vigor index among 11-81%, the maximum growth potential of among 16-100%, and the plant fresh weight ranges from 0.5 - 15 g. Genetic diversity germination, the seeds of papaya is very high. Characters germination, vigor index and wet weights, the character is inherited as too high the heritability
<p class="abstrakinggris">Diverse papaya (<em>Carica</em> sp.) accessions are found in many regions in Indonesia, but their genetic diversity have not yet been studied. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a simple yet accurate method that can be used to examine the genetic diversity of papaya. The study aimed to examine the genetic diversity of Indonesian papaya accessions using RAPD markers and morphological characters. The RAPD was applied on 23 papaya accessions using 30 primers. The appearing bands were further analyzed with the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The molecular results were then compared to the fruit morphological data, including fruit shape, size, flesh color, texture, and flavor. The RAPD analysis revealed that the 23 papaya accessions clustered into six main clades with Dice-Sorensen coefficient similarity ranged from 0.71 to 0.98. The first group consisted of 11 accessions, including both the hybrids and local accessions. The second group consisted of eight accessions especially six Indonesian hybrids, a Mexican Hybrid and a Hawaiian hybrid. The other four groups had a single member namely Sicincin Panjang, Lokal Sumani, Cariso, and Carica. The molecular grouping, however, did not align with the fruit character grouping. Overall, it was implied that the Indonesian papaya accessions were genetically narrow, of which some accessions were closely related to Hawaiian and Mexican accessions. These results can be used as a reference on papaya crossbreeding program in Indonesia.</p>
The papaya plant has three types of flowering, male flowers, female flowers, and perfect flower (hermaphrodite). The difference in interest affects the shape of the resulting fruit. This study aimed to characterize morphology and cytology of papaya flowers. The study was conducted in Tropical Fruit Research Institute at Solok and Laboratory of SPT at the Biology Department of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra. The research material uses papaya flowers Merah Delima variety from KP. Aripan Balitbu Troipka. The results showed the male flowers of male plants were smaller than the male flowers of the perfect plant. The difference of hermaphrodite flower of pentandria with hermaphrodite elongata flower, among others, the number of stamens, the length of the stem and the size of the ovary. Hermaphrodite pentandria has a number of stamens 5 while elongata has stamens 10
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