This study aims to determine the effect of distance learning on the learning independence of students at the Islamic Faculty of Nurul Jadid University. This study uses a quantitative approach with the type of exposure factor, the population taken in this study is the entire study program at the Islamic Faculty consisting of 100 students of each study program. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling and data collection techniques. done through questionnaires and tests. While the data analysis using linear regression analysis with t and F tests. The results showed that the partial test results (t) were obtained with a tcount of 4.666 with a significance value of 0.00 <0.05, so Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. Thus obtained from the results of R Square shows that the conclusion of this study has an effect of 13.60% and the remaining 86.40% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.
This tradition is a form of donation in the form of goods or jaza and money to people who have a celebration or wedding party. In ancient times before the popularity of tompangan, which were considered as public debts, they contributed as solidarity and without any promises they were considered as debts. The gift is recorded in a book or receipt as evidence to repay the gift it receives. Modernization, marked by advances in science and technology, has eroded the form and meaning of reciprocity in the tradition of replying to the “tompangan” wedding envelope in the midst of the Ambunten community of Bukabu village. The research used is juridical empirical methodology, the approach used is a qualitative approach, data obtained using interviews and documentation and for data processing using editing techniques, classification, analysis and conclusions. The purpose of this study was to understand the reciprocity of tompangan to increase social cohesion in the village of Bukabu so that until now the tompangan tradition is still being implemented. From the data analysis, it can be concluded that the tompangan tradition in a wedding party is a maslahah that directly maintains the aim of the sayara '. When viewed from the point of view of its strength as evidence in the stipulation of law, it includes maslahah hajiyah.Keywords: Reciprocity; Tompangan; Social Cohesion.Abstrak: Tradisi tompangan telah menjadi adat yang sangat kental bagi masyarakat Desa Bukabu. Tradisi tersebut merupakan sebuah bentuk sumbangan yang berupa barang atau jaza dan uang kepada orang yang punya hajatan atau pesta pernikahan. Pada zaman dulu sebelum terkenalnya tompangan yang dianggap sebagai hutang piutang masyarakat menyumbang sebagai solidaritas dan tanpa adanya janji yang dianggap sebagai utang-piutang. Pemberian tersebut dicatat dalam buku atau kwitansi sebagai bukti untuk membalas pemberian yang diterimanya. Modernisasi yang ditandai dengan kemajuan iptek telah meggerus bentuk dan makna dalam resiprositas tradisi membalas amplop pernikahan “tompangan” ditengah masyarakat Ambunten desa Bukabu. Penelitian yang dipakai ialah metodelogi yuridis empiris, pendekatan yang digunakan ialah pendekatan kualitatif, data yang diperoleh menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi dan untuk pengolahan data menggunakan tehnik edit, klasifikasi, analisis dan kesimpulan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk memahami resiprositas tompangan tehadap peningkatan kohesi sosial di desa Bukabu sehingga sampai saat ini tradisi tompangan tersebut masih dilaksanakan. Dari analisa data maka bisa disimpulkan bahwa tradisi tompangan dalam pesta pernikahan merupakan sebuah maslahah yang secara langsung memelihara tujuan sayara’. Jika dilihat dari segi kekuatannya sebagai hujjah dalam penetapan hukum maka termasuk maslahah hajiyah.Kata Kunci: Resiprositas; Tompangan; Kohesi Sosial.
Problems related to children resulting from adultery are still interesting to discuss, namely in terms of how the position of adultery children in the Compilation of Islamic Law in Article 43 paragraph (1) and Article 272 of the Criminal Code. This research is in the form of normative legal research, namely legal research conducted by researching library materials and using an approach. The type of research used is Libray Research. that the adulterous child in Compilation of Islamic Law or Civil Code both cannot be recognized by his genetic father, while in Compilation of Islamic Law he has more empathy so that the child has a kinship relationship with his mother and mother's family, while in the realm of the Civil Code an adulterous child will not have a juridical relationship with his parents , either to the father or to the mother. However, the child can only obtain rights from his mother and his mother's family. Whereas in the realm of the Criminal Code, adulterous children can only earn what they need according to the ability of their biological parents. But besides that, the adulteress child cannot ask and demand more for what he has given.
Pembagian warisan di Desa Bukabu, Kecamatan Ambuten, Kabupaten Sumenep menggunakan sistem hibah. Hal tersebut telah menjadi adat di tempat tersebut. Harta akan diberikan sebelum pewaris meninggal. Ahli waris mendapatkan hibah setelah dewasa atau telah menikah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan praktek hibah dalam pembagian warisan di Desa Bukabu, Kecamatan Ambuten, Kabupaten Sumenep, yang akan dianalisis menggunakan konsep kesataran gender. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, pada pendekatan kualitatif akan didapatkan data deskriptif, yakni data yang didapat dari responden baik itu secara tertulis ataupun secara lisan serta perilaku yang nyata. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembagian harta warisan menggunakan sistem hibah. Harta tersebut diberikan sebelum pewaris meninggal dan Ahli waris mendapatkan warisan ketika dewasa atau sudah menikah. Adanya sistem hibah ini dapat meminimalisir terjadinya sengketa waris. Bagian untuk semua ahli waris tidak ada perbedaan, baik itu laki-laki ataupun perempuan. Dimana telah diketahui bahwa masyarakat Desa Bukabu membagi harta warisannya dengan sama rata, baik untuk anak laki-laki maupun perempuan, mereka berdalih bahwa pembagian tersebut hanya didasarkan pada hukum adat yang berlaku di daerah tersebut.
The women's empowerment program in rural Madura is hampered by the demarcation line drawn up by Patriarchic culture. The emergence of a female village head in Madura is called “Klèbun Babine’”as a form of empowerment that pays more attention to women. This article tries to explain the role of the “Kalebun Babine'” in empowering women, then what are the “Kalebun Babine’” programs' in empowering women in rural areas. Kualitatif descriptif is using to methodology reaserch. Informant in definite base purposive sampling. Data collect by direct observations and interviews were carried out in the village Ponteh. The data shows that the Ponteh community saw the role of the “Klèbun Babine’” in empowerment was very visible. “Klèbun Babine’” conducts empowerment activities on its own, often even incurs personal expenses. Some “Klèbun Babine’” programs in empowering women in rural areas, first; is the women's group savings and loan (SPKP) activity. Second, health activities for women. third, optimization of the PKK program. fourth, postponement of marriage age for adolescent girls. The five trainings are to maintain a clean and healthy environment. The scientific contribution of this article is, optimizing the role of the “Klèbun Babine’” as a model of empowering women in rural Madura. Keywords: Empowerment, Women, Klèbun Babine’, Rural AbstrakSelama ini program pemberdayaan perempuan di perdesaan Madura terhambat oleh garis demarkasi yang dibuat oleh budaya Patriarki. Perempuan sebatas peran rumah tangga, tanpa harus terlibat dalam kegiatan ekonomi produktif, pendidikan, politik dan kesehatan. Munculnya kepala desa perempuan dalam bahasa Madura disebut Klèbun Babine’ memberikan harapan baru terhadap kaum perempuan di perdesaan. Salah satu bentuk nyata berupa pemberdayaan yang lebih memperhatikan kaum perempuan. Artikel ini menjelaskan peran Klèbun Babine’ dalam pemberdayaan perempuan, kemudian apa saja program Klèbun Babine’ dalam pemberdayaan perempuan di perdesaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Informan ditentukan berdasarkan kriteria yang sudah ditentukan. Data didapat dari pengamatan langsung dan wawancara dilakukan di Desa Ponteh. Data menunjukkan, masyarakat di Desa Ponteh melihat peran Klèbun Babine’ dalam pemberdayaan perempuan sangat baik. Klèbun Babine’ melakukan sendiri kegiatan pemberdayaan, bahkan sering mengeluarkan biaya pribadi untuk kegitan tersebut. Beberapa program Klèbun Babine’ dalam pemberdayaan perempuan di pedesaan, pertama; kegiatan simpan pinjam kelompok perempuan (SPKP). Kedua, kegiatan kesehatan bagi kaum perempuan. Ketiga, optimalisasi program Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK). Keempat, penundaan usia nikah bagi remaja perempuan. Kelima, pelatihan menjaga lingkungan bersih dan sehat. Kontribusi keilmuan artikel ini adalah menjelaskan lebih lanjut tentang peran Klèbun Babine’ sebagai model pemberdayaan perempuan di perdesaan Madura. Kata kunci: Pemberdayaan, Perempuan, Klèbun Babine’, Pedesaan
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