Psychology researchers have long attempted to identify educational practices that improve student learning. However, experimental research on these practices is often conducted in laboratory contexts or in a single course, which threatens the external validity of the results. In this article, we establish an experimental paradigm for evaluating the benefits of recommended practices across a variety of authentic educational contexts—a model we call ManyClasses. The core feature is that researchers examine the same research question and measure the same experimental effect across many classes spanning a range of topics, institutions, teacher implementations, and student populations. We report the first ManyClasses study, in which we examined how the timing of feedback on class assignments, either immediate or delayed by a few days, affected subsequent performance on class assessments. Across 38 classes, the overall estimate for the effect of feedback timing was 0.002 (95% highest density interval = [−0.05, 0.05]), which indicates that there was no effect of immediate feedback compared with delayed feedback on student learning that generalizes across classes. Furthermore, there were no credibly nonzero effects for 40 preregistered moderators related to class-level and student-level characteristics. Yet our results provide hints that in certain kinds of classes, which were undersampled in the current study, there may be modest advantages for delayed feedback. More broadly, these findings provide insights regarding the feasibility of conducting within-class randomized experiments across a range of naturally occurring learning environments.
Psychology researchers have long attempted to identify educational practices that improve student learning. However, experimental research on these practices is often conducted in laboratory contexts or in a single class, threatening the external validity of the results. In this paper, we establish an experimental paradigm for evaluating the benefits of recommended practices across a variety of authentic educational contexts – a model we call ManyClasses. The core feature is that researchers examine the same research question and measure the same experimental effect across many classes spanning a range of topics, institutions, teacher implementations, and student populations. We report the first ManyClasses study, which examined how the timing of feedback on class assignments, either immediate or delayed by a few days, affected subsequent performance on class assessments. Across XX classes, [summarize effect of feedback timing, including key moderators]. More broadly, these findings provide evidence regarding the feasibility of conducting within-class randomized experiments across a range of naturally occurring learning environments.
Cultural humility is a critical skill for effective intercultural interactions. While common in other scholarly fields, the concept is seldom found in the literature of global learning and international education. Utilizing grounded theory, this study explores the development of cultural humility through qualitative data analysis of in-class assignments and reflection journals from a university course in the United States (n=18). Throughout the semester students worked in teams to write grant proposals for agricultural development projects in Kenya. Examining student work and reflections sheds light on differing avenues of global learning, which has traditionally prioritized international travel as the core means of learning. This article proposes a pedagogy of cultural humility to promote global learning through a variety of educational interventions. Prioritizing cultural humility can yield enhanced respect for others, providing a focus on lifelong learning, more meaningful global understanding and more fruitful intercultural relationships. In an increasingly interconnected globe, cultural humility offers a meaningful framework to support substantive interactions between individuals across the globe or down the street.
There is strong body of literature exploring community member and resident perspectiveson tourism that has emerged from numerous locations across the globe. Yet, virtuallynone of this writing explores the role of repeat community-engaged service learning withlocal communities. What theory does exist on the topic indicates that increased rates ofcommunity member participation yield more positive viewpoints on community-programpartnerships. Engagement in this form of tourism development in communities may havean influence on participation in the community institutions that have the most ability toinfluence local development outcomes. This qualitative, ethnographic study fills this gapin the literature by analyzing community members’ emic perspectives of a recurringeducational service learning program to a lesser-developed region of Costa Rica.Surprisingly, community residents do not view educational service learning as a form oftourism, though they do see it as valuable for setting the stage for desired tourismdevelopment in the future. Findings also indicate community members’ involvement inkey institutions makes it more likely that they perceive the impact of students’ in thecommunity positively. As the first paper to analyze educational service-learning travelfrom a community development and resident perspective, this work will provide avaluable theoretical contribution relevant to those engaged in this form of travel acrossthe Global South.
Stoecker, Randy. (2018). Liberating service learning and the rest of higher education civic engagement. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 228 pp.ISBN 9781439913529.
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