Since sustainable development is becoming incredibly influential, the concrete and cement industries are reducing negative environmental impacts. Previous studies have reported salt damage effects on reinforced concrete structures on various methods to prevent salt damage. The solution is to substitute the raw materials required in cement with industrial by-products from manufacturing steel products, including blast furnace slag (BFS). Since it strengthens the concrete structure, the chloride ion penetration must also be considered. Using BFS with various Blaine values investigated the effect of BFS on blocking resistance and chloride ion penetration. This study focused on delaying the permeation of chloride ions and conducted a study using blast furnace slag. The cement replacing with blast furnace slag improves the salt preventive performance and detoxifies chloride ions. This study examined fluctuations in the blast furnace slag Blaine value affect the salt preventive property by steam curing condition. The result confirmed that the compressive strength increases as the blast furnace slag with a higher Blaine value are used also confirmed that the study improved the salt preventive performance by increasing the addition rate of the blast furnace slag fine powder.
The sustainable building aims to minimize environmental impact by reducing carbon dioxide pollution by using by-products. Concrete materials are well-known for being the most extensively used construction material. Carbon dioxide emissions are the permissible greenhouse gas emissions that would have an impact on the long sustainability. Blast furnace slag reduces carbon dioxide emissions as an environmentally responsible building material, and sustainable steelmaking aims to minimize waste. Steel corrosion and chloride damage are several of the most apparent problems for concrete structure durability. Incorporating BFS into the cement is beneficial for concrete durability as the Structures' serviceability increased. This study aimed to explore the material properties and compressive strength of BFS mortar while considering the replacement ratio, Blaine fineness of the BFS, and curing conditions. This study mainly discovered that substituting BES for cement in the mortar increased the compressive strength and durability factor, indicating that the material's properties depend on the BFS, based on the experimental results, which cover the materials properties and salt preventive property. The low water-to-binder ratio (W/B) of the BFS-blended cement mixture is the reason for this. The study reported that the investigation of salt preventive by adding BFS with a low Blaine fineness and average substitution ratios (45%) could improve the compressive strength of BFS mortar samples. These mortar samples were even more resistant to carbonation, which could also be attributed to the hydration products of BFS.
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