Objectives:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers and to assess risk factors associated with HIV infection.
Methods:This was an analytical cross sectional study among pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers, carried out from April to May 2018 in the Kumbo West Health District (KWHD) of Cameroon. We used a multistage sampling design to select 6 health areas. In each of these 6 health areas selected, proportionate sampling method was employed to get 400 participants from the health areas. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and analysed using SPSS version 21. We adjusted for confounding variables (age category, sexual debut, multiple sex partners, irregular/no use of condoms) by carrying out multivariate binary logistic regression.
Results:We used 400 adolescents (68 pregnant and 332 mothers), with mean age 14.5 years (SD = 0.21). The overall prevalence of HIV infection was 4.58% (95% CI: 2.7-6.7) even though, the prevalence of HIV in pregnant adolescents was (4.9%) compared to that in adolescent mothers (3.2%) though not statistically significant (p = 0.74). The significant HIV associated risk factors discovered among the two categories were; HIV infection occurring mostly in late adolescence: 15-19 years (AOR 2.05; 95% CI 1.11-4.24), sexual debut before the age of 14 (AOR 2.40; 95% CI 1.14-5.04), having had 2 or more sexual partners in the last 12 months (AOR 1.51; 95% CI 1.04-3.15), and irregular or no use of condom (AOR 1.20; 95% CI 1.04-1.53).
Conclusion:There is a need to address adolescent pregnancy not only as a health outcome but as a risk factor for HIV infection. Preventing adolescent pregnancies is important in a comprehensive HIV prevention in Cameroon.
Bizygomatic distance is a relevant reference used to assist and to guide the choice of antero superior prosthetic teeth, especially when no information about the natural teeth was available. The aim of the present paper was to determine the distance between the canine tips from a bizygomatic distance and to estimate the width of the upper central incisor in normal-dental-facial indices of Cameroonians. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study of 900 normal Cameroonians of both sexes was conducted. Measurements of bizygomatic distance, distance between the two upper pointers and the mesio-distal width of the upper central incisor were made with a manual and a digital caliper respectively. The equation for calculating the distance of higher canine pointers from the bizygomatic distance was DCT = 0.081 (BZD) + 26.201. The width prediction of the central incisor was obtained by the following formula: WUCI = 6.252 + 0.019 (BZD) + 0.035(DCT) + 0.062 (Reg cul) + (−0.479) sex. Reg.cul represents the cultural region of origin. Results: Female sex was represented by 56.6% against 43.30% males. The average age was 37± (32 SD) years. The average value of the bizygomatic distance was 130.23 mm, the width of the upper central incisor was 9.39 mm while the distance between the two upper canine pointers was 36.70 mm. Significant correlations between bizygomatic distance, the distance between the two canine pointers, and the width of the upper central incisor were found (P = 0.000). Conclusion: The width of the central incisor and the distance between the two upper canine pointers may be determined by the non-invasively method of the bizygomatic distance in the perspective of choosing the teeth for dental prosthesis.
Background: In Cameroon, adolescent girls' knowledge on sexo-reproductive health and access to reproductive health services is important for their physical and psychosocial wellbeing. It has been established that, the lack of knowledge about the consequences of unprotected premarital sex among adolescent girls predisposed them to unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion and its complications, future reproductive health problems and sexually transmitted infections including HIV/AIDS.
Objectives:The aim of this study was to examine predictive factors associated with comprehensive categories of adolescent girl's sexo-reproductive health, including sources of information and knowledge on sexo-reproductive health, sexual development, risky sexual behaviors, utility and perception of sexo-reproductive health services.Methods: This was a qualitative study which adopted a narrative approach to qualitative enquiry and made use of the social ecological model. Eight focus group discussions (n=80) were conducted among both in-school and out-ofschool adolescent girls aged 10-19 years. The discussions were stratified by sex, studentship and health area. In addition, fourteen in-depth interviews were conducted with various stakeholders in sexo-reproductive health services
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