Tanjero river represents a permanent river located southwest of Sulaimani city about 7km. Qiliasan and Kani-Ban streams confluence to form Tanjero river near Kani-Goma village. Water samples were collected from fifteen sites along the Tanjero river during June 2007 up to January 2008 and analyzed for studying some physico-chemical properties and heavy metals contaminations. The total hardness values recorded in the studied sites were ranged (204.96-388.06)mg/L.The values of (8-33.1) ºC, (1.08-496) NTU were recorded for temperature and turbidity respectively, while the values of (0.64-9.19) mg / L, (7.26-8.64) and (362-1715) µS.Cm-1 were recorded for dissolved oxygen (DO), pH and specific conductance. The values of Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr) ,Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn) and Nickel (Ni), concentration were ranged between, (1.80 to 2.39), (0.2 to 3.31) , (2.13 to 2.55), (0.08 to 3.29) ,and (0.51 to 1.72) mg/L respectively. The result indicates significant differences (P≥ 0.05) for the sampling events with LSD (Least Significant Differences) value of 0.01 for Co Fe, and Ni, while 0.03 and, 0.06 for Cr and Mn respectively. The Copper(Cu) concentration in all studied water samples was within the acceptable levels which ranged (0.11 to 0.51) mg/L. Tanjero river and tributaries were polluted with heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, and Cr) resulted from the impact of sewage wastewater according to water quality standard EU, 2004; USEPA, 2005; Canada, 2005 and WHO, 2006 and should Construct a plant of treatment for treating sewage wastewater of Sulaimani city before direct discharge to the river and it is quite essential to treat the ground water of the studied area before using .
A Water Quality Index (WQI) is a useful statistical tool for simplifying, reporting and interpreting complex information obtained from any body of water. A simple number given by any WQI model explains the level of water contamination. This study is carried out by using twelve ecological parameters in evaluating the quality of the ground water for drinking usage, by choosing four sampling sites in Kanasura and Kanigoma district located in Sulaimani city during 15 July, 2013 to 1 September 2013. The sampling was repeated after 15 days and the present study is spread over a period of two months of summer season. The present study aimed to calculate water quality index (WQI) by the analysis of twelve physico-chemical parameters on the basis of Weighted Arithmetic Index in order to assess the suitability of water for drinking purposes and other human uses. These physico-chemical parameters like Electrical Conductivity (EC), Turbidity, pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Calcium (Ca2+), Magnesium (Mg2+) , Total Hardness as CaCO3, Nitrate (NO3-_N), Nitrite, (NO2-_N), Sulfate (SO4 2-), Chloride(Cl-), and Phosphate (PO43-_P). The observed values of these physico-chemical parameters were compared with WHO standards. The results showed that water quality varied from good water to poor water range.
The current study was undertaken to evaluate the suitability of Kani-Ban stream water as one of the main tributary of Tanjero River in Sulaimani for irrigation purpose. Water samples were collected from (6) various locations from November (2013) to April (2014). Water samples were analyzed the various physico-chemical parameters, such as, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total dissolved solids (TDS), Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3 -, CO3 2-, SO4 2-, Cl-, B, and NO3-. The present work is a trial to evaluate and classify the water quality of Kani-Ban stream for irrigation purpose, by using the model of Irrigation water quality index (IWQI) developed in Brazil .The results obtained on (IWQI) for all sampling sites were within the class of use with no restrictions (excellent) for irrigation. According to the EC and SAR plotted on the US salinity diagram, it is illustrated that water samples of Kani- Ban stream fall in the class of (C2-S1) for locations (1, 2, 3, and 4) indicating medium salinity with low sodium hazards, while other locations (5 and 6) fall in the class of (C3-S1) indicating high salinity with low sodium hazards which can be used for irrigation. While as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) , all the water samples fell under ‘Low’ class and as per salinity classification (US salinity diagram); all the irrigation water samples fell under low sodium hazards (S1) 1class it means these water samples are suitable for irrigation. The residual sodium carbonate (RSC) values of all water samples under “Safe” category.
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