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In this review, bile salt, bile salt-surfactant, and bile salt-drug interactions and their solubilization studies are mainly focused. Usefulness of bile salts in digestion, absorption, and excretion of various compounds and their rare properties in ordering the shape and size of the micelles owing to the presence of hydrophobic and hydrophilic faces are taken into consideration while compiling this review. Bile salts as potential bio-surfactants to solubilize drugs of interest are also highlighted. This review will give an insight into the selection of drugs in different applications as their properties get modified by interaction with bile salts, thus influencing their solution behavior which, in turn, modifies the phase-forming behavior, microemulsion, and clouding phenomenon, besides solubilization. Finally, their future perspectives are taken into consideration to assess their possible uses as bio-surfactants without side effects to human beings.

An overview of surfactant-amino acid interactions mainly in aqueous medium has been discussed. Main emphasis has been on the solution thermodynamics and solute-solvent interactions. Almost all available data on the topic has been presented in a lucid and simple way. Conventional surfactants have been discussed as amphiphiles forming micelles and amino acids as additives and their effect on the various physicochemical properties of these conventional surfactants. Surfactant-surfactant interactions in aqueous medium, various mixed surfactant models, are also highlighted to assess their interactions in aqueous medium. Finally, their applied part has been taken into consideration to interpret their possible uses.

The solvent mixtures made up of ionic liquid and molecular solvents have potential applications in various fields such as chemical analysis and synthesis. Thus, in the present study, the role of the solvent microsphere in changing the behavior of the solvatochromic absorbance probe within binary solvent mixtures of ionic liquids with common molecular organic solvents is explored. Further, the behavior of the probes is explained with the help of solute−solvent and solvent− solvent interactions present in the mixtures. The binary mixtures of the ionic liquid 1butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [bmim][Tf 2 N], with molecular solvents, polar protic (methanol, 1-butanol) and polar aprotic (dimethyl sulfoxide, and N,N-dimethylformamide), have been selected for this investigation. The effect of the addition of molecular solvents to ionic liquid's polarity parameters, E T N , and Kamlet Taft parameters, the hydrogen bond donor ability (HBD) (α), hydrogen bond acceptor ability (HBA) (β), and dipolarity/polarizability (π*), is investigated. The polarity parameters, E T N , and dipolarity/polarizability (π*) of the mixtures indicate the "hyperpolarity" behavior on addition of molecular solvents to ionic liquid. The preferential solvation model has been used to provide insight on the solvent−solvent and/or solute−solvent interactions in the solvent mixtures.