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Artabotrys is a genus of small trees in the family Annonaceae. This genus contained over 100 perennial medicinal plants available in the old world tropics. Artabotrys plants have a lengthy history of use in medicine for malaria, diarrhea, backache, and scrofula treatments, as well as some of which were used as tea-like beverages. About 90 reports were reviewed from inception to now, in which the decoctions of about 9 species were used in traditional folk medicines. With 234 isolated compounds, Artabotrys metabolites can be classified as alkaloids, terpenoids, sterols, flavonoids, polyoxygenated cyclohexenes, fatty acids, acetogenins, etc. Significantly, alkaloidal aporphines were separated and identified as the main isolates. Artabotrys plants are also rich in the essential oils. Especially, A. hexapetalus exerted a great role in perfumery industry. Artabotrys constituents possessed various pharmacological values, such as antioxidative, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and mosquito repellency, but cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities are the most striking features. In conclusion, Artabotrys plant extracts and their metabolites are of great socio-economic importance, thereby more and more phytochemical and pharmacological investigations are expected.

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Background: Hairy agrimony (Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.) is a traditional medicinal plant widely used in Eastern Europe and Eastern Asia regions. The plant is harvested as it came into flower and could be dried for later usage. Hairy agrimony has been traditionally introduced to treat sore throat, abdominal pain, headache, mucoid dysentery, bloody and white discharge, parasites, and eczema. Objective: Since the 1950s, various experimental reports relating to phytochemical and pharmacological aspects have been observed, but an overview is now not available. The current paper emphasizes on in-depth information about botanical description, traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Methods: The collection of previous research is basically depended on the reliable resources Sci-Finder, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, reputation publishers, and thesis books. Results: A. pilosa was found to contain a variety of chemical classes. To date, more than 160 secondary metabolites were separated, and the derivatives type flavonoids, phloroglucinols, tannins, isocoumarins, and triterpenoids are the main components. A. pilosa crude extracts and their isolates set a broad panel of pharmacological values, including anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-virus, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, anti-osteosarcoma, anti-aging, anti-nociception, anti-adipogenesis, anti-leishmaniasis, estrogenic-like activity, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective activities, and vascular relaxation. Conclusion: In vitro and in vivo results also successfully explained the pharmacological mechanisms of A. pilosa constituents. More bioassay-guided phytochemical and clinical studies are necessary.

Plants of the genus Polyalthia can be seen as a rich resource of essential oils type terpenoids. In this study, the essential oils obtained by hydro-distillation from the leaf and stem of Polyalthia viridis were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry–flame ionization detection. Thirty-nine constituents (95.3%) were identified in the leaf oils and 42 constituents (90.9%) in the stem oils. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes were the main constituents of both oils, in which 2 sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, germacrene D (45.1%-47.4%) and bicyclogermacrene (8.2%-17.1%), were the 2 major compounds. The stem oils inhibited the growth of 3 cancer cell lines, HepG2, MCF7, and A549, with half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 56.7 to 68.4 μg/mL. The stem oils also successfully suppressed the growth of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger and the yeast Candida albicans with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 50 μg/mL. P viridis oils suppressed NO production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells, with IC50 values of 57.6 to 76.7 μg/mL.

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A phytochemical study of the EtOAc extract of Garcinia mackeaniana leaves has resulted in the isolation and determination of five xanthones, consisting of norathyriol (1), mangiferin (2), allanxanthone C (3), garcinone E (4), and bannanxanthone E (5). The structures of these xanthones have been determined by NMR‐spectra and MS spectroscopic data. These isolated compounds were separated from G. mackeaniana species for the first time. In the antimicrobacterial assay against the growth of bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, compounds 3‐4 showed the significant IC50 values of 5.41, and 4.29 μM/mL, respectively.

Background: Genus Erythrina belongs to the family Fabaceae, which is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. It has been used in both traditional herbal medicines and pharmacological applications. Original research articles and publications on the overview of alkaloids related to this genus are available, but a supportive systematic review account that highlights phytochemical aspects of other types of secondary metabolites is currently insufficient. Objective: With the utilization of data and information from SCI-Finder, Google Scholar, the Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Chemical Abstracts, ACS journals, Springer, Taylor Francis, Bentham Science, and IOP Science, the reliable material sources of this systematic review paper were obtained from various literature published from the 1980s to present. Conclusion: A vast amount of data showed that the non-alkaloidal secondary metabolites were obtained from genus Erythrina with various classes of chemical structures. Herein, approximately five hundred constituents were isolated, including flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, phytosterols, phenols, arylbenzofurans, coumarins, alcohols, ceramides, monosugars, and fatty acid derivatives. In agreement with the previous phytochemical reports on the plants of the family Fabaceae, flavonoids make up a great percentage in the number of plants of genus Erythrina. Numerous biological activity investigations such as anti-bacteria, anti-cancer, anti-virus using isolated compounds from Erythrina species have suggested that secondary metabolites of Erythrina plants are now becoming the promising agents for drug developments.